Статті КФП ДІІТ

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ENG: Articles

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Interpretive Subjectivity and Gender Relativism in the Theories of Postmodernism
(Національний педагогічний університет ім. М. П. Драгоманова, м. Київ, 2019) Vlasova, Tatyana I.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: Interpretation as a stream of our consciousness is determined by dierent contexts and various narratives which stimulate this process reacting to the changeability of the world and human beings in it. The postmodern theory while losing its topicality keeps the key principle of interpretationrm and stable. Interpretation is simultaneously open and fixed, though the process of constructing narratives is not. As interpretation provides vast space for gender, the feminist theory proceeds with the «new feminist reading», and the aim of the feminist criticism lies in revealing misogynism and masculine approaches to dierent discourses and narratives. Still in postmodernism feminist interpretation often rejects «comprehension» in its classical meaning denying analogy, symmetry and equivalence. The subjectivity of feminist interpretation is not a transparent line between the human being and the surrounding world: the «better» is interpretation, the more «objective» seem our narratives, the stronger appear constructs stipulated by culture, gender, ideology.
Methodology Versus Theory: Historical Approaches and the Problematic Field of the Humanities in Postmodernism
(Aesthetix Media Services (OPC) Private Limited, India, 2021) Vlasova, Tatiana; Vlasova, Olha; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: Among diverse methodological approaches that are currently represented in the postmodern studies, the one, which dominates nowadays, is the statement that there cannot be any methodology in postmodernism per se otherwise it would be a “relapse” into constructing one more “universalizing method”. Evidently, this assertion is stipulated by the highly pluralized context of the postmodern “normalization of change”, the transformations of the socio-cultural order in accordance with the postparadigmatic shift of the theory. Postmodern researchers both implicitly and explicitly state that the only way to “manage” the increasing pluralism and diversity is unmasking prior modernist ideas and ideals in the individual and general meanings of the human experience. On the other hand, the postmodern methodological “openness” encourages academic ambivalence, which results in the denial of the universal notions and absolute moral values. With the apparent postmodernist accent on the interdisciplinary approaches the “scientific conditions” have become even more complicated: nowadays philosophy, history, theology, gender studies, arts are being connected with biology, genetics, cybernetics, economics, etc. As one of the main components of the postmodern intertextual analysis the historical method is vividly represented both in the western feminist theory and in the eastern post- colonial criticism, poetics of fiction and cultural studies. All mentioned above, appearing in the pluralized modes, occasion the turn into considering interdisciplinary techniques more scrupulously. The objective of this research is to reconstruct conceptually the comparative-historical methodology in the theoretical field of the postmodern humanities with the focus on the specific character of the interpretation of history in the cultural texts. The main thesis of the research reflects the reconstruction of the historical methods as an important systematic and meaning-conscious component in the postmodern theoretical studies. The research proves that nowadays historical approaches are significant and valid because they locate certain techniques into the contemporary scholarly work in order to properly utilize sources and evidences in writing “history”. The value of the comparative-historical method is also based on the fact that it proposes some models and patterns in dealing with the analysis of the particular theory in the interdisciplinary studies. The historical narrative with its objective to tell the “truth” cannot be reflected according to some simple schemes, without taking into account the “hard core” role of the context in the hermeneutic reading of history. Though there is a view that historiography is located “between” modernity and postmodernity, the articulated point of view is that postmodernism, being a theoretical cluster of historical disruption and “brokenness”, in fact, cannot reject the tradition of historicism in the humanitarian studies.
The Origin of the Crimean Karaims and Transformations of Karaism in the Hermeneutic Eircle of History Interpretation
(Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара, Дніпро, 2020) Barash, Yuriy S.; Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: The aim of the article is the conceptual reconstruction of the origin of the Crimean Karaims as an ethnic group and determination of the factors which played the main role in the formation of their faith – the Karaism. The actual topicality of the theme under analysis is stipulated by the definite factors, which are of both ethnic and religious origin. At present there still happen fervent academic debates that make the borderline between two opposing scientific approaches concerning the key issues of the Karaims’ origin and their faith. The opponents – or the proponents – of both scientific trends are claiming that the problem is «absolutely and fully» solved, but this very fact speaks for the evidence of its definite ambiguity in solving the problems of theory and in approaching the issues of research. The methods. The methodology, used in the article, is stipulated by the specific features of the research object, which calls for the complex interdisciplinary analysis including both the approaches of the hermeneutic interpretation and the comparative historical methods. The interdisciplinary dialogue serves its goal in this paper, involving different academic subjects in one attempt at the «whole» analysis. This methodology is so important in this case because the objective covers the analysis of the «generalized» vision of the wide problematic field. The latter includes historical-comparative methods, hermeneutic approaches, deconstruction techniques, etc., which can help history and theology communicate in the mutually beneficial dialogue. The main results. The research of the ethnic origin of the Crimean Karaims in the context of the transformations of their faith – the Karaism reveals the ambivalent interpretations of their history and worships. The authors’ conception confirms the hypothesis of the Karaims’ origin as the Turks and substantiates the idea of the Biblicism as a source of their faith. The Concise Conclusion. The Crimean Karaims (Karai) being the Tengrianists before the Ist century A.D. then adopted the pure Biblicism through the Crimean local ethnic groups. Anan’s teaching having complemented the Biblicism did not change its main ideas. The practical meaningis connected with the accentualization of the scientific interest in the historical heritage of the nonnumerous ethnic group – the Karaims under the conditions of the «risks» and «threats» of the globalization processes. The «project» of Man has been constructing the system of values for thousands of years, and nowadays the critically minded postmodern man or woman cannot be free from the absolutes of faith, from the ultimate concepts of philosophy. And namely at this historical stage those obvious criteria can help the postmodern person to perceive that moral law that is the intrinsic value of the human being. The originality. The research problems have not been yet the subject of the special investigation in the Ukrainian science. The scientific novelty. The foundation of the Karaims’ religion is the Biblicism which had come into existence 500 years before the Judaism appeared as the worship. Thus, the Karaism cannot be considered a sect of the Judaism. The type of the article. The research is mainly an analytical one with the inclusion of the historical and theological reviews of the contemporary approaches to the theme under analysis.
Specific Character of the Crimean Karaims’ Origin and their Faith Transformation in the Hermeneutic Circle of History Interpretations (preprint)
(Дніпровський національний університет ім. О. Гончара, 2019) Barash, Yuriy S.; Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: Annotation. The study of the origins of the ethnos of the Crimean Karaites in the course of the formation of their faith - Karaism requires its accentuation due to the unconscious interpretation of the history of this small ethnic group, ambivalently represented in the works of scientists representing different spheres of humanities. Objective. Conceptual reconstruction of the emergence of the ethnos of the Crimean Karaites and the determination of the factors that play a major role in the formation of their faith - Karaism. The research methodology is based on the specifics of the object, which requires an integrated interdisciplinary approach involving both hermeneutic interpretation methods and a comparative historical approach. The main results of the work as an analytical study are connected with the confirmation of the hypothesis of the ethnos of the Crimean Karaites as Turks and the substantiation of the author's hypothesis about the origins of their faith - Biblism. Findings. Crimean Karaites (Karai), being up to 1 in AD Tengrians, later through local Crimean ethnic groups, adopt pure bibliism. The teaching of Anan only supplemented biblism without changing its main idea. Scientific novelty. The basis of the Karaite religion is Biblism, which arose 500 years before the appearance of Judaism, therefore Karaism cannot be considered a sect of Judaism. The practical significance is connected with the accentualization of scientific interest in the historical heritage of a small ethnic group - the Karaites under the conditions of “risks” and “threats” of globalization processes.