Browsing by Author "Proidak, Yurii S."

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Abstracts of the international scientific and practical conference “IInnovations in construction and smart building technologies for comfortable, energy efficient and sustainable lifestyle”. (20–21 February 2024, Dnipro, Ukraine ).
(Prydniprovska State Academy of Civil Enginering and Architecture, 2024) Savytskyi, Mykola; Sukhyi, Kostiantyn; Danishevskyy, Vladislav; Radkevych, Anatolii V.; Nazarenko, Ivan; Proidak, Yurii S.
ENG: Conference abstracts provide the findings of research and practical application in the field of innovations in construction and smart building technologies for comfortable, energy efficient and sustainable lifestyle by scholars, representatives of education, business, government to be used for reconstruction of Ukraine (in terms of the project ‘A novel decentralized edge-enabled prescriptive and proactive framework for increased energy efficiency and well-being in residential buildings’, sponsored by HORIZON 2020 EU programme (grant no. 958284 − PRECEPT).
Coordinated Control of the Composition of 01yut Steel and Deformation Processing Modes to Achieve Specified Mechanical Properties
(National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2024) Velychko, A. G.; Kamkin, V. Yu.; Proidak, Yurii S.
ENG: Purpose: to investigate the influence of the chemical composition of steel on the output from the chipboard and to establish rational parameters of deoxidation and deformation to ensure the specified values of mechanical properties. Methods: physicochemical modeling, thermodynamic calculations, experimental studies. Results: the carbon content and the degree of oxidation of the semi-finished product from the electric furnace for further vacuum treatment to obtain low-carbon steel were determined. With an increase in the oxygen flow rate supplied to the chipboard and exceeding the value required for the stoichiometry of fuel combustion reactions, the oxidation of the semi-finished product increases. To avoid the formation of calcium silicates, it is necessary to have an active oxygen content below 2.5 ppm, which is ensured by the residual content of dissolved aluminum in steel of 0.025-0.027%. Scientific novelty: The use of complex deoxidizers in steel production allows using the synergistic effect of the joint deoxidizing action of deoxidizing elements. The use of the methodology of physicochemical modeling made it possible to effectively solve the problem of predicting the properties of steel. To study the influence of modifier elements, as well as the main alloying components, a number of parameters characterizing the state of the alloy as a whole (Zу, d) were calculated. Based on information on the significant influence of the chemical composition of the steel on its properties, a database of 150 compositions was prepared to determine the optimal composition of ultra-low-carbon steels of the 01ЮТ, 01ЮТА type by the method of physicochemical modeling. Based on the calculations, the concentrations of elements for steels of the 01ЮТ and 01ЮТА grades were selected.
Determining the Optimal Composition of Low-Basicity Slags Using Pegmatite for Electromelting Processes
(TECHNOLOGY CENTER PC, Kharkiv, 2026) Proidak, Yurii S.; Gorobets, Anton P.; Zhadanos, Oleksandr V.; Rybalchenko, Mariia O.
ENG: This study focuses on the process of slag formation and its performance during steelmaking using carbon charge, when remelting alloyed scrap in electric steelmaking units, and in secondary metallurgy units. One of the relevant issues is the use of alternative materials, such as alkali aluminosilicates, capable of replacing conventional slag components without compromising the quality of the slag. This study reports scientifically proven conditions for replacing fluorspar in the composition of slags used in remelting technologies and secondary metallurgy with domestic mineral raw materials – pegmatites, which contain up to 10–15% of the total alkali metal oxides Na2O and K2O. The effect of Na2O and K2O on the rheological characteristics of the slag melt in the CaO-SiO2+(Na2O, K2O) system has been confirmed. A series of experimental meltings was carried out to establish the slag-forming regime in a ladle-furnace when fluorspar in the solid slag-forming mixture is completely replaced with pegmatites. A comparative analysis of the compositions of refining slags for the current industrial technology and the experimental technology has been performed. A significant increase in slag fluidity and a desulfurization level of the metal comparable to that of the current technology were established, despite a decrease in slag basicity to 1,8–2,0, which is consistent with the requirements of remelting technologies. Chemical analysis of the metal and slag compositions was conducted for the experimental meltings at the stages of semi-product melting and steel treatment in the ladle furnace. The metal from the experimental meltings fully met the requirements of the normative and technical documentation. Thus, this work provides a theoretical justification for an innovative secondary-metallurgy technology using alkali aluminosilicate pegmatite as a part of slag forming mixtures. The metal quality indicators in terms of sulfur content confirm the effectiveness of the devised technology with partial or complete replacement of fluorspar with pegmatite during remelting or secondary steelmaking.
Implementation of Sustainable Development Conception at the Ukrainian Metallurgy Enterprises
(ScientificWorld-NetAkhatAV, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2023) Derevyanko, Ihor V.; Proidak, Yurii S.; Petrenko, Maksym; Zhadanos, Oleksandr V.
UKR: У цьому розділі розглядаються питання та приклади реалізації стратегії сталого розвитку на ПАТ «Нікопольський завод феросплавів» - найпотужнішому українському підприємстві з виробництва феросплавів. Продемонстровано комплексний підхід до вирішення проблем сталого розвитку на цьому підприємстві. Проведено комплексний аналіз основних факторів, що впливають на навколишнє середовище під час агломерації марганцевих руд та подальшої виплавки марганцевих феросплавів. Наведено загальну характеристику пилогазових викидів при виробництві марганцевих феросплавів. Показано, що газоподібні викиди складають 94%, а тверді - 6%. Як приклад реалізації стратегії скорочення об'ємних викидів на ПАТ «Нікопольський завод феросплавів» розглянуто проект будівництва сучасної вітчизняної системи газоочистки - газоаспіраційної станції ГАС-5 (розроблена УкрНТЦ «Енергосталь») продуктивністю 500000 м3/год з рукавним фільтром з імпульсною регенерацією ФРІР-7000. Для оцінки обсягів викидів СО2 в атмосферу при виробництві марганцевих феросплавів завершено математичне моделювання емісії СО2 при агломерації марганцевої руди та її подальшій плавці. Розрахунки показали, що використання феросплавного газу замість природного газу для розпалювання палива в агломерації дозволяє знизити викиди CO2 при виробництві FMn78 на 24-31 кг/т (1,4-1,7%) і при виробництві MnS17 на 19-26 кг/т (1,1-1,4%). Отримана математична модель дозволяє оцінити обсяги викидів СО2 та ефективність технологічних рішень щодо скорочення викидів парникових газів і підвищення енергоефективності. Розглянуто питання скорочення викидів діоксиду вуглецю за рахунок використання феросплавного газу як джерела енергії. Проведено чисельне математичне моделювання розповсюдження пилогазових викидів на основі гауссівської дисперсійної моделі процесу. За результатами чисельного математичного моделювання процесу розповсюдження пилогазових викидів встановлено, що концентрація сполук марганцю (в перерахунку на MnO2) в зоні впливу підприємства не перевищує ГДК 0,001 мг/м3. Максимальна приземна концентрація таких сполук на відстані 500 м від джерел досліджуваних викидів становить 0,0085 мг/м3 (0,85 ГДК), а на відстані 2,5 км - 0,0001 мг/м3 (0,1 ГДК). Розроблена математична модель дозволяє прогнозувати поширення твердих і газоподібних компонентів викидів залежно від метеорологічних умов та оцінювати ефективність природоохоронних заходів щодо зниження техногенного навантаження на довкілля. Показано, що реалізований комплекс заходів з впровадження сучасних систем пилогазоочищення, зниження викидів СО2 та інших заходів зі сталого екологічного розвитку на ПАТ «Нікопольський завод феросплавів» дозволив суттєво покращити екологічну ситуацію в регіоні. Враховуючи поступову адаптацію екологічного законодавства України до стандартів ЄС, рекомендується продовжувати вдосконалення систем газоочистки та подальшу реалізацію екологічних програм.
Improvement of Quality and Improvement of Technology of Production of Economic Alloyed Steels for Power Engineering
(НМетАУ, Дніпро, 2021) Proidak, Yurii S.; Pidhоrnyi, Serhii; Tregubenko, Gennady; Polyakov, G.; Pidyash, Lyubov
ENG: Purpose. Investigate the effect of complex microalloying with nitrogen, titanium and aluminum on the structure and properties of cast steels at elevated temperatures. Methodology. Methods of optical microscopy were used for metallographic analysis of the microstructure of steels. The mechanical properties at room and elevated temperatures were determined for static tension, crease and impact bending. Results. The technology of carbonitride strengthening of silicon-manganese production steels has passed pilot testing. The results of mechanical tests indicate a favorable complex effect of nitrogen, titanium and aluminum on the properties of 20GSL steel in the entire range of operating temperatures. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the effect of nano-dispersed carbonitride phases (TiN, AlN) on the mechanical properties of low-alloy silicon-manganese steel of the GSL type at elevated temperatures (250-4500C) has been investigated. Practical value. The use of carbonitride technology for strengthening silicon-manganese heat-resistant electric steel provides an increase in operational reliability, an increase in the service life and reduce the metal consumption of equipment for power engineering.
Investigation of Phase Equilibria in the MnO–Al2O3 System by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Method
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2025) Proidak, Yurii S.; Gladkykh, Volodymyr A.; Ruban, Artem V.; Riabtsev, O. O.
ENG: All slag from the production of manganese ferroalloys can be conditionally attributed to the system MnO–CaO–SiO2–Al2O3, since the sum of these oxides reaches 95–98% with MnO content from 18% to 48%. On the practical side, it is crucial to know the peculiarities of the behavior of silicate systems over a wide temperature range and in the presence of various additives. Differential scanning calorimetry was employed to study concentration–temperature transformations in melts corresponding to manganese aluminate, the low-temperature eutectic E1, and a manganese-rich region with 10% Al2O3 content. The conducted research indicates a congruently melting nature of manganese spinel MnAl2O4. The preservation of short-range order during the melting of MnAl2O4 affects the thermodynamic stability parameters of the compound and the temperature at the onset of manganese recovery during carbothermic reduction. The congruent melting of manganese spinel implies the presence of a second eutectic E2, positioned between MnAl2O4 and Al2O3. According to experimental data, the melting temperature of eutectic E2 is lower, approximately 1720 Celsius degrees.
Modeling of Temperature-Concentration Ranges of Phase Stability and Liquidus Surface in the Ternary Fe–P–C System and Phase Composition Experimental Study
(Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Dnipro, 2023) Proidak, Andrii Yu.; Hasyk, Mykhailo I.; Proidak, Yurii S.; Bezshkurenko, Oleksii G.
ENG: This paper reports thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria in the iron-phosphorus-carbon system for developing a technology for smelting ferrophosphorus as well as for utilizing them in the processes of phosphorus-alloying of metals. According to the results of thermodynamic calculations, we plotted a ternary Fe–P–C phase equilibrium diagram (liquidus surface) in the form of graphical dependences, which indicate the concentration fields of phase coexistence. The results of simulation allowed finding out five nonvariant points, three of which are new: E1eutectic (teutectic=12170 °C), U1 peritectic (tperitectic=1095 °C), and E3 eutectic (teutectic=3380 °C). The experimental studies of the phase composition of ferrophosphorus showed that the phosphorus microstructure is represented by Fe3P phosphide, Fe3C carbide, and carbophosphide eutectic. We carried out the thermodynamic calculation of the temperature-concentration ranges of phase stability in the Fe–P–C system that are at equilibrium with the smelts of both the carbon solid solutions and phosphorus ones in α- and γ-iron, FeP, Fe2P, Fe3P phosphides, and graphite. In this study, three previously unknown nonvariant equilibria have been determined: a eutectic equilibrium at 1216.58 °C; a peritectic one with a transformation point at 1095.19 °C; and a eutectic one at a temperature of 337.51 °C. In experiments, we obtained an equilibrium concentration of carbon which decreases in the Fe–P–C system when the content of phosphorus increases. The research findings largely reveal special features of preparation of ferrophosphorus by carbon reduction of phosphorites.
On the 100th Anniversary of the Department of Electrometallurgy
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2025) Sykhoy, K. M.; Proidak, Yurii S.
ENG: The article reflects the origin and development of the electrometallurgical industry in Ukraine. The emphasis is placed on the role of the Department of Electrometallurgy at the Dnipro Metallurgical Institute in this process. The Department of Electrometallurgy was established in 1925. This was facilitated by the leading role of scientists, professors, doctors of technical sciences Telnyi S. I., Khytryk S. I., Hasyk M. I., who made a significant contribution to the development of the electrometallurgical industry in Ukraine and the training of highly qualified specialists. In the article, the key stages of formation and development of electrometallurgy have been outlined, and the crucial role of scientists and teachers of the Department has been stated.
Properties of Railway Wheels Made of Metal with Increased Copper Content
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2024) Proidak, Yurii S.; Chornoivanenko, Kateryna O.; Pikil, O.
ENG: The content of non-ferrous metals and, in particular, copper is limited by numerous standards regulating the chemical composition of steels. Thus, for instance, according to the Ukrainian standard for wheel steel, the residual content of nickel, chromium, and copper should not exceed 0.25% each. According to the international UIC standard, this content should not exceed 0.30% each. The residual copper content according to the Japanese standard is allowed to be not more than 0.35%. Many steelmakers are concerned about the presence of copper due to its red shortness. However, the beneficial effect of Cu on hardenability and transformation kinetics is well-known, enabling the formation of a structure with a high density of dislocations at cooling rates feasible in industrial conditions, thus imparting high initial strength to the matrix. Experimental smelting was conducted in the open-hearth furnaces to obtain 0.15-0.60% of copper in the metal. It was found out that the resistance of slag truck wheels made of metal with increased copper content against the formation of ridge notches, which are the main reason for repairs of these wheels during operation, is significantly higher than that of serial ones.
Research into Phosphate Mineral Composition and waste Phosphorite Ore
(Dnipro University of Technology, 2021) Proidak, Andrii Yu.; Gasyk, Mykhailo; Proidak, Yurii S.
ENG: Purpose. Theoretical and experimental studies of chemical and mineral composition and the structure peculiarities of phosphorites from Ukrainian deposits to define the degree of their suitability for other industries. Methods. The ore chemical composition was determined by conventional (wet) analysis using standard certified chemical reagents. The mineral composition was studied on the scanning electron microscope equipped with the attachment for the energy- dispersive electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) with the software for calculating the chemical composition of the studied sample microvolume. The petrographic analysis was carried out by the traditional methods of microscopic section preparation with subsequent identification and description of the minerals. The microscopic study of the original ore samples aimed at their mineral composition determination was conducted on the Nu optical microscope (Germany) both in transmitted and reflected light. The thin and polished sections prepared using the standard technology were used as samples. In the laboratory environment, the phosphorites were subjected to magnetic dressing in magnetic fields with different intensity. The experiments in the weak field were modelled with the help of the magnetic analyzer while the experiments in the strong magnetic field were modelled on the rotor separator. The flotation dressing method was studied on the laboratory mechanical flotation machine. Findings. It was found that phosphate nodules are rounded mineral formations of irregular shape; they consist of sand bound with the yellow-brown phosphate cement. Ore useful substance is a phosphorus-bearing mineral that by the element chemical composition corresponds to fluorocarbon-hydroxyl-apatite with the dominant content of Ca (45.23%), P (15.67%), and B (27.87%). The results of the integrated petrographic study of the phosphorite samples from the ore body of “Peremoha” area are presented. Originality. The study has revealed that phosphorus-containing substance in the phosphorite samples is the mass that cements barren minerals (mainly quartz, glauconite, calcite and plagioclase). Practical implications. According to the phosphate content level, the phosphorites from Malokamyshevatske, Iziumske and Sinichino-Yaremovske deposits can be treated as minerals for ferrophosphorus smelting.
Studying the Phase Equilibria in MnO-SiO2 System by the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Method
(National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Publishing House Akademperiodyka, 2022) Proidak, Yurii S.; Gladkykh, V. A.; Ruban, Artem V.
ENG: Introduction. The formation of rational composition of molten slag is critical for smelting of manganese ferroal-loys. From seventy to ninety per cent of manganese ferroalloy slags are presented by manganese and silicon oxides. Information about phase equilibrium in MnO—SiO2 system has an important value for the development of new and the improvement of operating processes of beneficiating and agglomerating manganese raw material, manufacturing manganese ferroalloys, and smelting high-manganese electrical steels. Problem Statement. The analysis of scholarly research data on the diagram of the equilibrium state of MnO—SiO2 system has shown a difference between the temperature of eutectic melting and that of peritectic melting and a fundamental difference in the nature of these two types of melting. The diagram does not show the polymorphic transformation of rhodonite. Purpose. The purpose of this research is to study the behavior of manganese orthosilicate and metasilicate and the eutectic between them for specifying the structure of the MnO—SiO2 system equilibrium state diagram. Materials and Methods. The DSC method has been used to determine the temperature of phase transformations, melting and crystallization, of the samples that correspond to rhodonite (MnSiO3), tephroite with rhodonite (Mn2SiO4 + MnSiO3), and the eutectic located between them in terms of composition. Results. The temperature of tephroite congruent melting, the solidus and the liquidus of rhodonite incongruent melting have been determined more accurately. For the first time, the temperature of rhodonite polymorphic trans-formation at the phase transition γ-MnSiO3↔β-MnSiO3 accompanied with a volume fluctuation of up to 2% has been experimentally established. This has made it poss ible to plot the horizontal line of polymorphic transformation on the MnO—SiO2 system diagram. Conclusions. The obtained data on the equilibrium state of MnO—SiO2 system have given a clear idea of the slag system structure, which allows us to optimize cooling during the manganese agglomerate production; to ratio-nally select the slag melting conditions for the ferrosilicon manganese production; to improve slag thickening after the release of smelting products; to justify slag crystallization behavior for the production of slag-cast products.