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Analysis and Research of the Causes and Course of Degradation of Lithium Batteries
(EDP Sciences-Web of conferences, 2024) Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Gololobova, Oksana O.; Havryliuk, Volodymyr I.; Serdiuk, Tetiana M.; Voznyak, Oleh M.; Manachyn, Ivan O.
ENG: Energy storage devices based on lithium technology are confidently leading the respective market due to their significant advantages over other technologies in the industry. Despite their relatively recent history of appearance, they managed to undergo many modifications of both physical and chemical components. One of the constant goals of all research in this field is the formation of knowledge about the degradation processes occurring inside a given chemical current source, and ways to influence them. Systematization and identification of the fundamental reasons for the decrease in the performance of lithium batteries still remains a topical issue of today, and therefore is considered in this article. And no matter how studied this issue looks, taking into account the existing many long-term experimental data of a huge number of scientists and a number of different types of companies, but still, optimization of work is impossible without identifying and eliminating as many destructive factors as possible in battery operation. The difficulty of this process lies also in the fact that, taking into account all the high-tech production processes in the world, there are no two identical lithium current sources. On the example of a single battery, the ability to maintain high performance, close to nominal, was demonstrated from a source that, due to its lifetime, should not have had them. The data obtained during the experiment, which confirmed the high performance, show once again that the issue of degradation of lithium current sources can and should be studied further.
Features of Design of Tied-Arch Bridges with Flexible Inclined Suspension Hangers
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2017) Samosvat, V. O.; Rongling, Zhang; Hololobova, Oksana O.; Buriak, Serhii Yu.
EN: Purpose. Investigation and analysis of the hanger arrangement and the structural stability of a Network arch bridge – a tied-arch bridge with inclined hangers that cross each other at least twice. It is also necessary to make a comparative analysis with other types of hanger arrangements. Methodology. The authors in their research investigateda large number of parameters to determine their influence in the force distribution in the arch. Eventually they determined optimal values for all parameters. These optimal values allowed developing a design guide that leads to optimal arch design. When solving this problem, the authors used three-dimensional finite element models and the objective was to determine the most suitable solution for a road bridge, with a span of 100 meters, consisting of two inclined steel arches, located on a road with two traffic lanes, subjected to medium traffic. The virtual prototype of the model is performed by finite element simulator Midas Civil. Findings. In this study, for the bridge deck, a concrete tie appears to be the best solution considering the structural behavior of network arches, but economic advantages caused by easier erection may lead to steel or a composite bridge deck as better alternatives. Design requirements and local conditions of each particular bridge project will decide the most economic deck design. Originality. To ensure passenger comfort and the stability and continuity of the track, deformations of bridges are constricted. A network arch is a stiff structure with small deflections and therefore suitable to comply with such demands even for high speed railway traffic. A network arch bridge with a concrete tie usually saves more than half the steel required for tied arches with vertical hangers and concrete ties. Practical value. Following the study design advice given in this article leads to savings of about 60 % of structural steel compared with conventional tied arch bridges with vertical hangers.
Features of Electromagnetic Compatibility in Railway Transport
(IEEE Publication Recommender, 2023) Serdiuk, Tetiana M.; Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Serdiuk, Svitlana; Gololobova, Oksana O.; Serdiuk, Kseniia; Skalko, Viktor; Voznyak, Oleh M.
ENG: The paper is devoted to the study of the causes of electromagnetic interference on railways, methods for their determination and combating them. Various approaches to studying the influence of interfering influences in the operating conditions of railway transport are considered. The actual permissible values of the level of interference from various sources currently operating on the railways of Ukraine are given.
Mathematical Modelling of the Communication Channel between the Rail Circuit and the Inputs Devices of Automatic Locomotive Signalization
(Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, 2019) Hololobova, Oksana O.; Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Havryliuk, Volodymyr I.; Skovron, Ihor Ya.; Nazarov, Oleksii A.
ENG: Abstract. In modern practice of operating under traffic safety conditions, the traffic light signal must be transmitted to the locomotive that moves to it, and duplicate in the driver's cab. However, this communication channel is not protected from external interference. In order to prevent the occurrence of code failure, it is necessary to create conditions under which the automatic locomotive signalling system will distinguish between signals with useful information, from signals with false information. The best way to solve this problem at the first stage is to model the devices. Using the simulation tools of graphical environment of simulation modelling Simulink from Matlab software environment, the software model of the communication channel between the railroad and the input devices of automatic locomotive signalling system was constructed. The created mathematical model with the actual parameters allows us to obtain diagnostic signs of a proper condition, on the basis of which the research is aimed at the identification, recognition and definition of various types of malfunctions, failure, damages and defects in the work of the constituent elements of the system and the signal transmission channel of the automatic locomotive signalling system.
Method of Determination of the Railway Rolling Stock Coordinates within the Track Circuit
(Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2024) Voznyak, Oleh M.; Buriak, Serhii Yu.
ENG: This work aims to solve one of the essential problems in railway transport – control over the position of moving units within the race. A method of constant monitoring of the track circuit with a determination of the coordinate of the train shunt placement in the shunt mode of working is proposed to solve this problem. Since the model includes the primary parameters of the track circuit, which may change their values over time, it is suggested to determine them in another (normal) working mode of the track circuit. Therefore, according to the proposed model, the secondary and primary parameters of the track circuit are first determined in the track circuit's normal work mode. Next, already in the shunt mode of its work, the obtained parameters are used to determine the coordinates of the moving unit. According to this method, firstly, the work mode of the track circuit is determined, which consists in determining the state by its input impedance. This step is performed in two stages. In the first stage, based on the state of the track relay, the fact that the track circuit doesn't work in normal mode is verified. In the second stage, the shunt mode is separated from the control mode by the value of the track circuit input impedance. In the shunt mode of the track circuit operation, the coordinate and, if necessary, the speed and acceleration of the moving unit located within the given track circuit are determined. In the normal mode of the track circuit line operation, the values of its secondary parameters are specified based on the measured values of current, voltage, and phase shift between them. This operation is performed to increase the precision of the speed and acceleration determination by solving an inverse problem. In the control mode of the track circuit operation, it is possible to determine the coordinates of damage. This method does not require a significant volume of calculations. It makes it possible to determine the secondary parameters of the track circuit and through them, the resistance of its insulation. Using this method makes it possible to determine the distance and, if necessary, the speed and acceleration of a moving unit within the track circuit. The resulting parameters can be used for positioning moving rolling stock on runs between stations. The application of this method can also be useful in sections of the railway crossings approach to implement a fixed warning time. In addition, thanks to the use of the outlined model, in the control mode of the track circuit operation, nates within the track circuit is possible to determine the damage coordinate. It will make it possible to reduce the time spent on damage detection and elimination.
Modeling of Electromechanical Systems
(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. акад. В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2018) Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Havriliuk, Volodymyr I.; Hololobova, Oksana O.
EN: Real time systems mode and transmit data on the instantaneous state of the control objects can timely detect any faults and thus provide additional time for their correction by railway employees. Turnouts are one of the most important and responsible components, and therefore require the development and implementation of such diagnostics system. Achieving the goal of monitoring and control of railway automation objects in real time is possible only with the use of an automated process of the objects state diagnosing. For this we need to know the diagnostic features of a control object, which determine its state at any given time. The most rational way of remote diagnostics is the shape and current spectrum analysis that flows in the power circuits of railway automatics. Turnouts include electric motors, which are powered by electric circuits, and the shape of the current curve depends on both the condition of the electric motor, and the conditions of the turnout maintenance. For the research and analysis of AC electric point motor it was developed its mathematical model which satisfies the conditions of adequacy. The calculation of parameters and interdependencies between the main factors affecting the operation of the asynchronous machine was conducted. The results of the model operation in the form of time dependences of the waveform curves of current on the load on engine shaft were obtained. On the basis of the constructed model we can study the AC motor in various mode of operation, record and analyze current curve, as a response to various changes of the load on engine shaft.
Research of Traffic Prediction Accuracy Influence on the Effectiveness of Trains Breaking-Up Order Control
(Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2017) Bardas, Oleksandr O.; Skovron, Ihor Ya.; Demchenko, Yevhen B.; Dorosh, Andrii S.; Buriak, Serhii Yu.
ENG: The article presents the research results of economic feasibility of trains’ breaking-up order control at marshalling yards. The article objective was to determine the area of rational use of trains’ breaking-up order model, formalized in the form of stochastic programming problem. As a effectiveness criterion of trains’ breaking-up order operating costs of marshalling yard were used, including the costs associated with cars’ and locomotives’ dwell time on the station and its approaches, as well as costs associated with additional shunting work. With the help of simulation modeling the dependence was obtained, describing the impact of trains’ arrival forecasting error and processed car volumes on reducing operating costs of the marshalling yards through the trains’ breaking-up order control. The studies enable us to establish the requirements for the accuracy of information support of operational planning tasks, which is necessary to achieve the desired economic effect of the trains’ breaking-up order control.
Selection of Optimal Lithium Battery Technology for Backup Power Supply of Automatics Systems in Railway Transport
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2024) Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Gololobova, Oksana O.; Serdiuk, Tetiana M.; Voznyak, Oleh M.; Yehorov, Oleh I.; Manachyn, Ivan O.; Radzikhovskyi, Kostiantyn
ENG: The article presents the results of the research into batteries based on lithium technology. An analysis of all the most widely represented lithium battery technologies was carried out with an assessment of their main parameters. The research was aimed at studying the performance characteristics of the six most common technologies for the production of chemical power sources using lithium, which are currently the most developed and are manufactured on a mass production scale. A comparative analysis showed that the features of each of them should be taken into account in order to optimize the choice of parameters for batteries with different technologies when solving various industrial and household problems, since this approach will make it possible to further use their differences with the greatest efficiency. The most suitable areas for practical application of each type of lithium battery are given, taking into account the individual characteristics of their performance. Also, from a practical point of view of highly efficient use of electrical energy storage devices, as a constant consumer of especially large volumes of energy carriers, the transport industry is considered, which has a great interest in improving technologies in order to improve the quality of equipment, increase the safety of the transportation process and the economic efficiency of the type of activity being carried out. This analysis was carried out using the example of their use in backup power supply systems for railway automatics devices. The advantages of replacing backup power sources based on the traditional method of storing electrical energy using lead-acid batteries with batteries made using lithium technology are shown. At the same time, to determine the appropriate technology, the specifics of the application conditions were first taken into account, since this type of energy source belongs to the category of guaranteed energy supply. The research results obtained allow us to compare lithium batteries to identify selection criteria for specific tasks based on their performance characteristics.
Study of Transmission Lines Effect on the System Operationon of Continuous Automatic Cab Signalling
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2014) Hololobova, Oksana O.; Havryliuk, Volodymyr I.; Kovryhin, Mykhailo O.; Buriak, Serhii Yu.
EN: Purpose. To conduct an effect research of the electromagnetic field of high-voltage transmission lines (HVTL)(750 kV, 50 Hz) on the track circuits and continuous automatic cab signalling (CACS) with a signal current of 50 Hz in the areas of convergence and intersection with the transmission lines and to propose possible methods to improve noise immunity of CACS. Methodology. The measurements were performed both by means of car-laboratory and directly on rail lines. During the study the electric field strength in the range of industrial frequency directly under the transmission lines and at the distance from it to the railway lines was measured, as well as the time dependence of CACS codes with signal current frequency of 50 Hz directly under the transmission lines and at a distance from it in the absence of the train and its passing. Findings. The root causes analysis of CACS faults and failures was carried out. The effect of the electromagnetic field of high-voltage transmission lines (750 kV, 50 Hz) on the track circuit and CACS with signal current of 50 Hz in the areas of convergence and intersection with the transmission line was investigated. Possible methods to improve noise immunity of CACS were considered. Originality. The effect research of transmission lines (750 kV) on the operation of the automatic cab signalling on spans Prishib-Burchatsk and Privolnoye-Yelizarovo, Pridneprovsk railway in places of oblique railroads crossing and transmission lines (750 kV, 50 Hz) was conducted. Electric field strength in the range of industrial frequency directly under the transmission lines and at a distance from it to the railway line, as well as the time dependences of ALSN codes with signal current frequency of 50 Hz directly under the transmission lines and at a distance from it in the absence of the train and as its passing were measured. It was found that CACS codes in track circuits under transmission lines are strongly distorted, as strength measurements of electric field are shown, it can be explained by the electromagnetic field effect of transmission lines on track circuits. Practical value. Possible methods of CACS safety enhancement by improving the reliability of signaling from a track on the locomotive were considered.
Мethod of Determination of the Railway Rolling Stock Coordinates Within the Track Circuit
(Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2023) Voznyak, Oleh M.; Buriak, Serhii Yu.
ENG: This work aims to solve one of the essential problems in railway transport – control over the position of moving units within the race. A method of constant monitoring of the track circuit with a determination of the coordinate of the train shunt placement in the shunt mode of working is proposed to solve this problem. Since the model includes the primary parameters of the track circuit, which may change their values over time, it is suggested to determine them in another (normal) working mode of the track circuit. Therefore, according to the proposed model, the secondary and primary parameters of the track circuit are first determined in the track circuit's normal work mode. Next, already in the shunt mode of its work, the obtained parameters are used to determine the coordinates of the moving unit. According to this method, firstly, the work mode of the track circuit is determined, which consists in determining the state by its input impedance. This step is performed in two stages. In the first stage, based on the state of the track relay, the fact that the track circuit doesn't work in normal mode is verified. In the second stage, the shunt mode is separated from the control mode by the value of the track circuit input impedance. In the shunt mode of the track circuit operation, the coordinate and, if necessary, the speed and acceleration of the moving unit located within the given track circuit are determined. In the normal mode of the track circuit line operation, the values of its secondary parameters are specified based on the measured values of current, voltage, and phase shift between them. This operation is performed to increase the precision of the speed and acceleration determination by solving an inverse problem. In the control mode of the track circuit operation, it is possible to determine the coordinates of damage. This method does not require a significant volume of calculations. It makes it possible to determine the secondary parameters of the track circuit and through them, the resistance of its insulation. Using this method makes it possible to determine the distance and, if necessary, the speed and acceleration of a moving unit within the track circuit. The resulting parameters can be used for positioning moving rolling stock on runs between stations. The application of this method can also be useful in sections of the railway crossings approach to implement a fixed warning time. In addition, thanks to the use of the outlined model, in the control mode of the track circuit operation, Method of determination of the railway rolling stock coordinates within the track circuit is possible to determine the damage coordinate. It will make it possible to reduce the time spent on damage detection and elimination.