№ 3 (160) (ПХтаХТ УДХТУ)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://crust.ust.edu.ua/handle/123456789/21020

UKR: У даному репозитарії представлені електронні версії статей, автори яких є членами співтовариства університету. Зі статтями авторів, що не працюють в УДУНТ, можна ознайомитися на сайті журналу "Питання хімії та хімічної технології".
ENG: This repository contains e-articles whose authors are members of the community of the university. Articles of authors who are not USUST employees are available online at the website of the journal "Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii / Issues of Chemistry and Chemical Technology".

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Atomic Emission Determination of Cesium in Table Salt and Brines
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2025) Yurchenko, O.I.; Chernozhuk, T.V.; Baklanov, A.N.; Nikolenko, M.V.; Cherginets, V.L.; Rebrov, A.L.
ENG: Atomic emission spectrometry has been shown to be one of the most effective methods for determining cesium content in table salt and brines after preconcentration by coprecipitation. The most efficient collectors for cesium coprecipitation are ferrocyanides with the general formula MeII 2Fe(CN)6 (Me=Cu, Co, Ni). It was found that using copper ferrocyanide enables the extraction of up to 92% of cesium from solution. However, in water, brines, and salt solutions, cesium often exists in forms that cannot be coprecipitated (in more than 50% of cases). Therefore, organic cesium compounds (humic and fulvic acids) must be destroyed. The effect of ultrasound on highly mineralized waters, brines, and salt solutions to convert cesium compounds into coprecipitable forms was studied. It was established that the main factors contributing to the intensifying effect of ultrasound are the occurrence of sonochemical reactions, as well as the mixing and dispersing actions of ultrasound. An express method for determining cesium in table salt and brines was developed, involving the destruction of organic impurities and the coprecipitation of cesium with Cu2Fe(CN)6 under ultrasonic intensification. The detection limit for cesium is 2⋅10–8 wt.%.
An Efficient Synthetic Route to Substituted Xanthene Analogues
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2025) Varenichenko, S. A.; Kovtun, A.V.; Farat, V. K.; Farat, O. K.
ENG: The reactions of N-[(9-chloro-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[b]chromen-3-yl)methylene]-Nmethylmethanaminium and N-[(11-chloro-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrocyclohepta[b]chromen-6- yl)methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium perchlorates with (1- phenylethylidene)malononitrile were studied in boiling acetonitrile in the presence of piperidine. These reactions led to the formation of new organic dyes, [(2E)-1-phenyl-3- (9-piperidin-1-yl-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[b]chromen-3-yl)prop-2-en-1- ylidene]malononitrile and [(2E)-1-phenyl-3-(11-piperidin-1-yl-7,8,9,10- tetrahydrocyclohepta[b]chromen-6-yl)prop-2-en-1-ylidene]malononitrile, obtained in high yields. The structures of the products were confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The observed spin-spin coupling constants indicated that the products adopted the E-configurations of the double bonds. The reaction mechanism was determined to proceed via a Knoevenagel condensation followed by nucleophilic substitution of chlorine with a piperidine fragment. Spectroscopic investigations of the dyes were performed in organic solvents, in particular acetonitrile and chloroform. For [(2E)-1-phenyl-3-(9-piperidin-1-yl-1,2-dihydrocyclopenta[b]chromen3-yl)prop-2-en-1-ylidene]malononitrile, the absorption maximum was ~605 nm, and the emission maximum was ~685 nm, with a quantum yield of 34.62% in acetonitrile and 16.84% in chloroform. In contrast, [(2E)-1-phenyl-3-(11-piperidin-1-yl-7,8,9,10- tetrahydrocyclohepta[b]chromen-6-yl)prop-2-en-1-ylidene]malononitrile exhibited an absorption maximum at 607 nm with negligible fluorescence. The synthesized dyes may be of interest to researchers in the field of dye chemistry and related areas.
Investigation of Tribological Characteristics of Polymer Coating Based on Phenylone Modified by Complex Copper (II) Compounds of the Composition [Cu(HL)X2 ] 2
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2025) Stovpnyk, O.V.; Sytar Volodymyr
ENG: Antifriction coatings based on aromatic phenylene polyamide (phenylone) were developed by introducing a copper arylamide complex with benzimidazole-2-thiocarboxylic acid as a modifying additive. The tribological properties of the phenylene-modifying additive system were investigated, focusing on the nature and concentration of the modifying additive in the polymer composition. The influence of the additive on the microhardness of the polymer coatings was assessed. The introduction of the copper arylamide complex with benzimidazole-2-thiocarboxylic acid as a modifying additive resulted in changes to the polymer matrix structure, forming strong chemical bonds between polymer chains, which improved the strength of materials and reduced its wear susceptibility. The tribological properties of the modified coatings were characterized by a lower coefficient of friction and better wear resistance compared to unmodified coatings. The developed coatings can be widely applied in various industries, such as mechanical engineering, aviation, and automotive, offering benefits such as enhanced durability, wear protection, and reduced maintenance costs. Additionally, their use can contribute to lower energy consumption and reduced environmental impact.
Ionic Conductivity and Glass Transition Temperature of Ionene-Type Polymeric Ionic Liquids
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2025) Sverdlikovska, Olga S.; Potapchuk M. O.
ENG: The influence of the polymeric nature of synthesized ionene-type polymeric ionic liquids based on tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine on their ionic conductivity and glass transition temperature has been investigated. Correlations between temperature, chemical structure, ionic conductivity and glass transition temperature of these ionene-type polymeric ionic liquids were established, contributing to the design principles for new polymeric and ionenetype ionic liquids with tailored properties. The identified relationships were confirmed by correlation equations, and their chemical nature was analyzed. The proposed guidelines demonstrate practical value for the development of tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine-based ionenetype polymeric ionic liquids with high ionic conductivity across a wide temperature range.
Prediction of the Properties of High-Energy Polymer Materials Based on Oleochemical Products
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2025) Varlan, K.Ye.; Chervakov, Oleh V.; Sukhyy, Kostyantyn M.; Belyanovskaya, Elena A.
ENG: A series of oleochemical products, namely amide derivatives of fatty acids from vegetable oils based on diethanolamine, diethylenetriamine, piperazine, and morpholine, was synthesized. The synthesized products are considered as potential components of mixed solid missile fuels: plasticizers, surfactants, and combustion regulators. To evaluate their applicability, the predicted energy characteristics of mixed compositions containing the synthesized oleochemical products were calculated, including the composition of transformation products, heat of combustion, combustion temperature, and specific volume of combustion products. The method of calculation is presented. The obtained characteristics of the compositions based on oleochemical products are comparable to the calculated values for a known composition based on liquid rubber and dioctyl adipate plasticizer: heat of combustion of 5860 kJ/kg, combustion temperature of 3450 K, and specific volume of combustion products of 0.818 m3/kg.
Моделювання щільності пакування частинок полідисперсного кремній карбіду в зносостійких епоксидних композитах
(Український державний університет науки і технологій, Дніпро, 2025) Полоз, О. Ю.; Ващенко, Ю. М.; Єбіч, Ю. Р.; Євдокименко, Н. М.; Гаврилюк, Ю. В.
UKR: Створення конкурентоспроможних зносостійких полімерних матеріалів, які відповідають сучасним вимогам з якості, ефективності та експлуатаційної надійності, є однією із актуальних задач полімерного матеріалознавства на сучасному етапі розвитку промисловості. Як один із напрямів вирішення цієї задачі розглядається необхідність формування в зносостійких епоксидних композитах щільного пакування частинок полідисперсного наповнювача з високою твердістю за шкалою Мооса. Метою даного дослідження є застосування найбільш поширених розрахункових методів моделювання щільності пакування частинок полідисперсного кремній карбіду для зносостійких епоксидних композитів з визначенням найбільш ефективного із них. Для досягнення поставленої мети використано оптичну мікроскопію, ситовий аналіз гранулометричного складу полідисперсного кремній карбіду із чотирьох промислових фракцій (F1000, F90, F40, F14), моделювання щільності пакування частинок наповнювача з використанням еталонних кривих за формулами Боломея, Гуммеля, Фуллера, Функа-Дингера. Встановлено зміни щільності пакування частинок полідисперсного кремній карбіду в залежності від значень коефіцієнтів в формулах еталонних кривих. З’ясовано, що найменше відхилення (15%) змодельованих кривих гранулометричного складу полідисперсного кремній карбіду від еталонних спостерігається при застосуванні формули ФункаДингера, яка враховує форму частинок дисперсного наповнювача.