Оцінка та відбір проєктів на основі використання інтегрованого показника інноваційності проєкту

UKR: У статті розглянуто використання інтегрованого показника інноваційності проєкту для оцінки та відбору проєктів у портфелі і програми. Представлено збалансовану систему параметричних одиничних показника інноваційності – ризики, кадри, якість, інновації, ресурси та виконавці, що дозволяє отримати комплексне уявлення стосовно того чи іншого проєкту вже на початкових стадіях. Запропоновано інструмент розрахунку ризикостійкості, як ключового критерію складової «ризики», на основі застосування матриць і векторного аналізу. Спираючись на теорію нечітких множин, представлено розрахунок складової «кадри» на основі аналізу коефіцієнту відповідності виконання робіт потенційного проєкту потрібним компетенціям проєктного менеджера. Застосування інтегрованого показника інноваційності проєкту доповнює класичні методи аналізу альтернатив та підвищує віддачу від застосування інструментів проєктного менеджменту.

ENG: Two main components of the problem studied in the article have been revealed. At the practical level, the provision of the convenient tools allowing a comprehensive evaluation the proposed innovative project in terms of its possibilities for inclusion in the portfolio or development program, and on the level of science – the need for improvement and complementing the existing methodology of assessment of innovative projects attractiveness in the context of their properties and a specific set of components. The research is scientifically applied, since the problem solution involves the science-based development of a set of techniques, allowing the practical use of knowledge gained from large information arrays at the initialization stage. The purpose of the study is the formation of an integrated indicator of the project innovation, with a substantive justification of the calculation method, as a tool for evaluation and selection of projects to be included in the portfolio of projects and programs. The tasks were solved using the general scientific and special methods, mathematical modelling methods based on the system approach. A balanced system of parametric single indicators of innovation has been presented – the risks, personnel, quality, innovation, resources and performers, which allows getting a comprehensive idea of any project already in the initial stages. The choice of a risk tolerance as a key criterion of the "risks" element and the reference characteristics has been substantiated, in relation to which it can be argued that the potential project holds promise. A tool for calculating the risk tolerance based on the use of matrices and vector analysis has been suggested. Based on the fuzzy sets theory, a calculation of the "personnel" component has been suggested on the basis of the analysis of the conformity factor of execution of a potential project operations to the required competencies of the project manager. As a result of applying the suggested indicator of innovation, it is possible to obtain the information on the degree of the project innovativeness and risk tolerance, if the available resources are sufficient, whether the set of competencies of a project manager is in compliance with the project works, and whether the project product meets the requirements of the consumers. Simplicity, ease of use, efficiency, measurability, adaptability of innovation indicator extend its effectiveness in the field of the project management and provide the organization with a new tool for making appropriate management decisions. Application of the integrated project innovation indicator complements the classical methods of analysis of options, increases the effectiveness of the application of project management tools, especially at the stage of project selection to portfolio or program. The results of the research can be used for further development of scientific and methodological foundations to form a balanced system of indicators of innovative projects. The results implementation is a methodological and organizational basis for creating effective systems and technologies for managing the project programs and portfolios.