Browsing by Author "Litman, Maksym"

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Gender Reflection of the Enlightenment Paradigm in the Comparative- Historical Contexts of Britain and Ukraine
(Видавництво «Грані», 2026) Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Skyba, Eleonora; Litman, Maksym
ENG: The ambiguity of the definitions and concepts, which is characteristic of the metamodern evolution, has produced a great impact on the inner world of Man and Woman in the matrix where the very human essence becomes a kind of simulacrum. The latter is directly connected with the metamodern gender narratives, which reflect the instability of the pendulum of history in the contexts of feminism including the issue of women`s education. The aim of researching the correlation of the Enlightenment grand narratives and their later versions in the eastern Ukraine and the western Great Britain in the XIXth century is realized in the cultural reconstruction of the woman’s personality in the intersubjective field of the «late Enlightenment» with the stress on women’s education as a focal point for feminist reforms. The methodology of the article is based on the interdisciplinary dialogue with the accent on the comparative-historical approaches. The idea of the complexity of the dialectics, history and literature is considered to provide the most significant material for understanding radical changes in the social and cultural development of the country we live in. The scientific results accentuate the idea that the subjectivation of women in the first half of the XIXth century followed the Enlightenment narratives of rationality and education, which contributed much to creating the image of Femina Nuova in Europe and – to the minor though significant extent – in Ukraine. When the Western European gender conditions are put against the background of the Enlightenment, it is evident that the “feminists before feminism” were not oriented forwards the political equality. The conclusions state that the Enlightenment changed the gender status of subjectivation, representing the shift of the gender paradigm in its late phase in Ukraine. However, the gender narratives were not transformed significantly: the paradigm and the binary opposition of «public-private» represent the stability of gender regimes in Europe in the middle of the XIXth century.
“The Great Reset”: the Road to the Peaceful “New World” or a New Global War?
(Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка, 2023) Vlasova, Tetiana I. ; Litman, Maksym
ENG: The review deals with two books, which have caused much debate all over the world, the two authors who are much spoken about – with respect and disrespect, with recognition and contempt. “COVID-19: The Great Reset” by K. Schwab and T. Malleret claims that there has been nothing like COVID-19 in the modern history and points out that this kind of an existential crisis can facilitate introspection that leads to transformations. The supposed transformations are investigated by the authors both in macro categories and micro terms. The world is claimed to enter the chaotic crisis leading to the state of “uncertainty”. As a result, no extraordinary scenario can be excluded concerning geopolitical reset, ecological reset, technological reset and micro transformations with the individual reset. K. Schwab’s opponent, A. Jones, in his “Great Reset and the War for the World” proves that Schwab’s Great Reset represents the global elite’s intention of conspiracy in enslaving humanity both on the macro and micro levels. A. Jones is sure that K. Schwab’s strategy is to use the Great Reset for achieving an unprecedented control over the global problems and individuals’ lives. K. Schwab’s and A. Jones’ opposing arguments are interesting and persuasive. They both have many supporters and opponents of their theses all over the world.
New Enlightenment in the "Break" of Classical Universals (Review of the book «TRUTH» J. D. Caputo (Penguin Books, 2014. 283 p.))
(НДІ українознавства Київського національного університету імені Тараса Шевченка, Київ, 2025) Vlasova, Tetiana I.; Vlasova, Olha; Litman, Maksym
ENG: In “Truth”, which develops a new trend of non-separate modes of “high” and “low” culture, J. Caputo, an internationally recognized philosopher and theologist, explores different notions of truth and how we can define them today. The problem, which J. Caputo puts, is complex and needs deep knowledge of the history of philosophy and theology, beginning with St. Augustine, and covering a wide range of postmodern issues: “Is truth as for St. Augustine the same as God? Does it lie in the Reason of Descartes and Kant? Is it Derrida’s ideas of an event, still being made? Or is it according to the postmodern prophet Nietzsche, a mere ensemble of fiction and metaphors? In “Truth” J. Caputo presents his own surprisingly interesting theory of a new Enlightenment, one that draws on the ancient ideals of truth, God, and wisdom, which embraces the forthcoming post-postmodern comprehension of our age,. The question of truth and religion in modernity/postmodernity, that J. Caputo used as his ”case” for the mutation, which takes place in postmodernism has been discussed since the 70s of the last century with much acute competence by postmodern philosophers. It still embraces post-postmodern researchers, and here J. Caputo posits his own idea of a new Enlightenment, the idea, which is based on the ancient ideals of truth and wisdom, but is of great significance in the changes and transformations of our “post-postmodern”world. J. Caputo's work "Truth" may be of interest to both researchers of postmodernism and post-postmodernism. In Ukrainian philosophical discoursive narratives it should be understood as a part of metamodern philosophical culture and reflection. In the final analysis the idea of a new Enlightenment is being already actively discussed not only by Western philosophers, but also by representatives of the Ukrainian philosophical institutions.