Improvement of the Open Wagon for Cargoes which Imply Loading with a "Hat"

EN: The goal of the article is to evaluate the possibility of improving the design of an open wagon body in order to improve traffic safety when transporting cargoes whose height is beyond the upper belt of the side wall (cargo loading with a “hat”). To achieve it, the authors have proposed a variant of a pull-out bar in a wall rack. In lazy state such bars located inside racks, but during transportation of timber, pipes etc they are pulled out above the wall upper belt to prevent cargo from rolling out. These bars are quite light (mass of one pull-out bar is equal to 3 kg, that corresponds to 36 kg of an additional equipment per a wagon), but they considerably facilitate fixing cargo in an open wagon replacing additional wooden fixing racks. It also makes the transportation more reliable due to elimitation the possibility of skew and jamming of fixing equipment. Strength of the proposed element and the entire wagon side wall is estimated with the finite element method. The proposed bars withstand normative loads, and holes in the upper belt for them do not lead to desrease of the wall carrying capacity.