ННІ "Дніпровський інститут інфраструктури і транспорту" (ДІІТ)

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://crust.ust.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19777

ENG: Dnipro Institute of Infrastructure and Transport (DIIT)

Browse

Now showing 1 - 40 of 10874

10 лет отечественной отрасли пассажирского вагоностроения: история, сегодняшний день, перспективы развития
(ТОВ ЦІТУ, м. Харків, 2011) Приходько, Владимир Иванович; Хворост, Е. Ф.; Лутонин, Сергей Витальевич; Шкабров, Олег Анатольевич; Пшинько, Александр Николаевич; Мямлин, Сергей Витальевич; Донченко, Анатолий Владимирович
RU: Статья посвящена десятилетию отечественной отрасли пассажирского вагоностроения. История, сегодняшний день, перспективы развития.
2-х режимний тягово-левітаційний модуль перспективної магнітно-левітаційної транспортної системи
(Кременчуцький національний університет імені Михайла Остроградського, 2022) Плаксін, Сергій Вікторович; Муха, Андрій Миколайович; Устименко, Дмитро Володимирович; Шкіль, Юрій Володимирович; Голота, Олександр Олександрович; Чуприна, Єгор М.
UKR: Сучасний електрорухомий склад має можливість розвивати швидкості руху понад 500 км/год, що створює умови для конкурентної боротьби з іншими видами транспорту на малих та середніх відстанях. Такі високошвидкісні системи на базі ефекту магнітної левітації можуть використовувати електромагнітну або електродинамічну підвіску. Перша вимагає високої точності побудови шляхової структури та складної системи управління, а друга менш критична до точності побудови шляхової структури та рівня складності системи управління, але ефектний підвіс магнітоплану створюється лише на відносно високій швидкості руху. На початкових, розгінних ділянках поїзди з електродинамічним підвісом підтримуються в робочому положенні за допомогою спеціальних колісних систем, що є суттєвим недоліком. Метою досліджень є визначення можливих схемних рішень шляхового модуля, який може забезпечувати комбінований режим роботи – режим тяги та режим левітації, не тільки у сталому режимі руху, але й на ділянках розгону чи гальмування без використання опорних колісних систем. В статті представлені деякі результати розробки тягового-левітаційного модуля на базі дворежимної шляхової структури, яка може працювати зі зміною полярності (напрямку) магнітного потоку, який взаємодіє з магнітним потоком надпровідних магнітів встановлених на магнітоплані. За результатами досліджень представлені схемні та конструктивні рішення науково-обґрунтованого тягово-левітаційного модуля для магнітнолевітаційної транспортної системи типу Маглев, з можливістю отримувати левітацію магнітоплану на розгінний ділянці.
3D Modeling of Biological Wastewater Treatment in Aeration Tank
(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2020) Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Lemesh, Maksym V.; Gunko, Olena Y.; Zadoia, Viacheslav O.; Mashykhina, Polina B.; Yakubovska, Zinaida M.
ENG: Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to develop a 3D CFD model for modeling the process of biological wastewater treatment in an aeration tank. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the process of biological wastewater treatment in the reactor, taking into account the flow hydrodynamics, geometric shape of the aeration tank, convective-diffusion transfer of the substrate and activated sludge, a 3D CFD model was built. The model is based on the three-dimensional equation of motion of an ideal liquid and the equation of mass conservation for the substrate, activated sludge. The field of sewage flow rate in the aeration tank is calculated based on the velocity potential equation. The process of biological transformation of the substrate is calculated on the basis of the Monod model. The splitting scheme was used for numerical integration of the equations of convective-diffusion transfer of activated sludge and substrate. The splitting is carried out in such a way to take into account the transfer of substrate (activated sludge) in only one direction at each step of splitting. The calculation of the unknown value of the substrate (activated sludge) concentration is carried out according to an explicit scheme. The Richardson method is used to numerically integrate the three-dimensional equation for the velocity potential, and the unknown value of the velocity potential is calculated by an explicit formula. Euler's method is used for numerical integration of equations describing the process of substrate transformation and change in activated sludge concentration (Monod model). Findings. The software implementation of the constructed 3D CFD model is carried out. A description of the structure of the developed software package is provided. The results of a computer experiment to study the process of wastewater treatment in an aeration tank with additional elements are presented. Originality. A new multifactor 3D CFD model has been developed, which allows quick assessing the efficiency of biological treatment in an aeration tank. Practical value. The constructed 3D CFD model can be used to analyze the efficiency of the aeration tank under different operating conditions at the stage of sketch design of wastewater treatment systems.
3D численная модель для оценки территориального риска при теракте
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. акад. В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2018) Беляев, Николай Николаевич; Калашников, Иван Владимирович; Клименко, Ирина Владимировна; Козачина, Виталий Анатольевич
RU: Цель. Работа предполагает разработку 3D численной модели для оценки территориального риска в случае теракта с использованием химического агента. Методика. Для описания процесса рассеивания в атмосфере химического агента, выброшенного в случае теракта, используется трехмерное уравнение массопереноса примеси в атмосферном воздухе. Уравнение учитывает поле скорости ветрового потока, атмосферную диффузию, интенсивность эмиссии химического агента, наличие зданий возле места выброса химически опасного вещества. Для численного интегрирования моделирующего уравнения используется конечноразностный метод. Особенностью разработанной численной модели является возможность оценки территориального риска в случае теракта при различных метеоусловиях и наличии зданий. Для расчета поля скорости ветрового потока в условиях застройки применяется трехмерное уравнение для потенциала скорости. Результаты. Разработанная численная модель и пакет программ могут быть использованы для оценки территориального риска как в случае терактов с применением химических агентов, так и в случае экстремальных ситуаций на химически опасных объектах и транспорте. Построенная численная модель может быть реализована на компьютерах малой и средней мощности, что позволяет широко использовать ее для решения задач рассматриваемого класса, при разработке плана ликвидации аварийной ситуации. Представлены результаты вычислительного эксперимента, позволяющие оценить возможности предложенного метода оценки территориального риска в случае теракта с использованием химического агента. Научная новизна. Предложена эффективная численная модель для оценки территориального риска в случае теракта с применением химически опасного вещества. Метод может быть использован для оценки территориального риска в условиях городской застройки, что позволяет получать адекватные данные о возможных зонах поражения. Метод основан на численном интегрировании фундаментального уравнения массопереноса, выражающего закон сохранения массы в жидкой среде. Практическая значимость. Предложенный метод оценки территориального риска в случае теракта с применением химического агента может быть использован для расчета зон поражения возле административных зданий, центров и других социально значимых объектов.
3D-розрахунок вертикального відстійника на базі CFD-моделі
(Вінницький національний технічний університет, 2012) Біляєв, Микола Миколайович; Нагорна, Олена Костянтинівна
UK: Розглянуто побудову чисельної моделі масопереносу у вертикальному відстійнику. Моделювання здійснено на основі тривимірного рівняння переносу домішки і моделі потенціального руху. Для чисельного інтегрування використано неявні різницеві схеми. Наведено результати обчислювального експерименту.
Abnormal Effect of Changing the Wetting Angle in Non-Equilibrium Melt–Solid Metal Systems
(G. V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2024) Shtapenko, Eduard Ph.; Syrovatko, Yuliya V.
ENG: The paper deals with the temperature dependence of the contact angle of wetting of a steel substrate with a liquid tin. The experiment shows that the wetting angle is decreased as the temperature rose, and the wettability of this system is improved. However, with the further increase in temperature, the contact angle is increased again that is an abnormal phenomenon. To explain this phenomenon and the process of contact-angle formation in general, we propose the quantum mechanical model based on the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) conception. In this case, interaction of the melt ions with the substrate atoms is considered indirectly through the formation of a potential barrier with the linear dimensions determined by both the ratio of masses of the atoms of interacting metals and the temperature. From the WKB standpoint, at low temperatures, when the kinetic energy of a generalized particle with the reduced mass is less than the potential barrier, the wave function decays rapidly and, accordingly, the contact angle does not actually change. Quantitative and qualitative changes appear, when the kinetic energy of particles with the reduced mass exceeds the positive barrier values because of increase in temperature. Following the WKB conception, passage or reflection of a particle with the reduced mass over the barrier is determined by the integer or half-integer ratio of the de Broglie wavelength and linear dimensions of the potential barrier. Therefore, qualitative changes in the system, i.e., the wetting threshold and abnormal increase in the contact angle, are described by the processes associated with passage or reflection of a particle with the reduced mass over the barrier. Experimental and theoretical curves of dependences of both the contact angle and the work of adhesion versus temperature show similar dynamics.
About Electromagnetic Compatibility of Track Circuits with the Traction Supply System of Railway
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE, 2018) Serdiuk, Tetiana M.; Feliziani, Mauro; Serdiuk, Kseniia
ENG: Track circuits are of fundamental importance for the safety in railway systems. Thus, they must be immune from electromagnetic interference (EMI). To this aim they must be accurately characterized. The paper deals with the determination of spectrum composition of traction current with the electric traction. A method of measuring the parameters of track circuits (time and amplitude parameters of code current, flowing in rail lines, an input impedance of a track circuit, characteristic impedance and propagation constant) is considered Automated method of measurement of parameters of track circuits and harmonics of return traction current was elaborated by the car-laboratory. The harmonics coinciding with the code frequency are inadmissible for the track circuits.
About Optimizing of Investments Volume to Improve the Basic Indicators of the Enterprise Effectiveness
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2015) Gasanov, Zakariia M.
EN: Purpose. Profit and profitability of any, including transport enterprises are the main economic indicators of the enterprise effectiveness. These indicators reflect the results and successful performance of the enterprise. On the other hand the enterprise effectiveness in the long term, assurance of rapid development and competitiveness is largely determined by the level of investment activity and the range of investment activity. The purpose of this study is the feasibility of the method to determine optimal investments volume for improving these or others (selectable by the management) principal economic indicators of the enterprise effectiveness. Methodology. The basis of the proposed methodology for determining the optimal investments volume is the theory of optimal control, in particular, the procedure of dynamic programming since a managed development process of the enterprise is a multiple stage. This procedure, using a phased plan, allows not only simplifying the solution of optimization problems, but also solving those, which are impossible to apply the methods of mathematical analysis. Findings. The expediency of performing the calculations to determine the optimal investments volume to ensure high rates of enterprise development was proved, it is a key to the effectiveness of the enterprise in the long term and it improves its competitiveness. Originality. It is shown that using methods of the optimum control theory one can calculate the minimum volume of capital investments for the improvement of economic indicators, which determine the enterprise effectiveness. The proposed method of calculation does not depend on the specific content of economic indicators. The effectiveness of this calculation method is demonstrated on a model example. Practical value. The proposed method of calculating the minimum volume of capital investments to improve the economic effectiveness of enterprises is quite simple, but at the same time enables, on the one hand, to determine priority directions of investment activity of the enterprise. On the other hand it improves the manageability and transparency of business enterprises, increases the head's confidence in the correctness of decisions.
About the Evaluation of the Longitudinal Forces Level Effecting the Track Displacement at Transient Modes of Train Movement
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2015) Masleieva, Liudmyla H.; Ursuliak, Liudmyla V.; Arsonov V. V.
EN: Purpose. Study the transient modes effect of movement on the track displacement for the freight train safety control is supposed in this paper. For this it is necessary to investigate the longitudinal dynamics of a train on the track displacement. Simultaneously to assess the longitudinal forces level of a track and rolling stock interaction. Methodology. The level of the longitudinal forces, effecting the track displacement, was evaluated using mathematical modeling of longitudinal vibrations of the trains at transient modes of motion caused by braking. It was considered that each train vehicle consists of a body (solid) and the wheel sets, connected with the body by friction bearings (inelastic link). It was believed that during the movement of each train vehicle the vertical plane of its symmetry coincident with the vertical plane of symmetry of the assembled rails and sleepers. At simulation it was also supposed that in the process of translational motion of the vehicle body wheels make pure rolling along the rail without slipping on it. Findings. In the results of calculations the values of the longitudinal forces at different types of braking were obtained (it is regenerative braking and pneumatic one) under quasi-static and shock transients. For this various initial state of clearances in the inter-car connections up to beginning of transient was considered. The level of dynamic additives to longitudinal forces of interaction between wheel and rail that are substantially depending on vehicle accelerations was assessed. Originality. The transient regimes effect of trains movement caused by braking on the level of the longitudinal forces of track and rolling stock interaction was investigated. The longitudinal load of freight trains with regenerative and pneumatic braking was researched. The effect of the initial state of the train and different modes of braking on a dynamic additive to the longitudinal forces of the interaction between the track and rolling stock, which may effect the displacement of assembled rails and sleepers, was estimated. Practical value. The obtained results can be used to select rational modes of braking of freight trains, especially on lengthy down grade, from the positions prevent possible track displacement.
About Track Circuit Calculation Method Dependent on Ferromagnet Properties in Conditions of Traction Current Noise Influence
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Zhuravlov, Anton Yu.
EN: Purpose. The work is intended to investigate the electromagnetic processes in impedance bond in order to improve noise immunity of track circuits (TC) for safe railway operation. Methodology. To achieve this purpose the methods of scientific analysis, mathematical modelling, experimental study, a large-scale simulation were used. Findings. The work examined the interference affecting the normal performance of track circuits. To a large extent, part of track circuit damages account for failures in track circuit equipment. Track circuit equipment is connected directly to the track line susceptible to traction current interference, which causes changes in its electrical characteristics and electromagnetic properties. Normal operability, performance of the main operating modes of the track circuit is determined by previous calculation of its performance and compilation of regulatory tables. The classical method for determination of track circuit parameters was analysed. The classical calculation method assumes representation of individual sections of the electrical track circuit using the quadripole network with known coefficients, usually in the A-form. Determining the coefficients of linear element circuit creates no metrological or mathematical difficulties. However, in circuits containing nonlinear ferromagnets (FM), obtaining the coefficients on the entire induction change range in the cores is quite a difficult task because the classical methods of idling (I) and short circuit (SC) are not acceptable. This leads to complicated methods for determining both the module and the arguments of quadripole network coefficients. Instead of the classical method, the work proposed the method for calculating the track circuit dependent on nonlinear properties of ferromagnets. Originality. The article examines a new approach to the calculation of TC taking into account the losses in ferromagnets (FM), without determination of equivalent circuit quadripole network coefficients. When building the FM reversal model in parallel magnetic fields, the most accurate methods are the approximation ones that take into account not only the changes in values and over time, but also their derivatives. The development of computer hardware and software makes real the mathematical methods for calculating TC with significant change in ferromagnetic inductance, including the saturation areas. Herewith, it is important to search for approximating analytical expression that describes the dynamic limit hysteresis loop (HL). Practical value. The changes in the electrical parameters of the same TC were analysed using the classical and the new calculation methods, the difference made less than 10%. The work introduced some measures to increase operational noise immunity of TC.
AC/DC Converter for DC Traction Power Supply System With High-Speed Train Operation
(National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute", Kiev, 2019) Sokol, Yevgen; Sychenko, Viktor G.; Voitovych, Yurii; Kosariev, Yevhen M.; Styslo, Bohdan; Hubskyi, Petro V.
EN: Purpose of the work is improved approaches to ensure the required quality parameters of voltage in the traction network based on modern technologies and equipment. The pulsating mode of the power consumption in the railroad power supply network is the cause of the occurrence of voltage pulsations in the contact network. The use of active rectifiers in the electric power supply system of the railroad is proposed. The control system is developed by the converter, which allows to stabilize the output voltage in the DC link and also provides the unit power factor consumed by the converter and the THD consumption current at the level of 8%. A mathematical model of the converter was developed and a study of its main modes of operation was performed.
The Accuracy of Traction Current Harmonics Parameters Determination by Windowed FFT
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2018) Havryliuk, Volodymyr I.
EN: In the work the correct choosing of the windowed FFT parameters to achieve the necessary time and frequency resolution of the traction current spectral analysis in accordance with the re- quirements of regulatory documents has been briefly overviewed and investigations of the influence of FFT parameters on the accuracy of the determination of harmonics parameters (such as effective current, frequency, duration) have been carried out.To assess the accuracy of determining the RMS current and frequency of the harmonics, a computer study was performed using a synthesized current with known harmonics parameters, the values of which were chosen in accordance with the permissible values of the parameters determined by regulatory documents and standards.For the spectral analysis of traction current, four types of windows were selected: rectangular, Hann, Hamming and Blackman windows with duration of 0.3 and 1 s. For a sampling frequency of 27500 Hz and a window length of 0.3 s, the frequency resolution is 0.27 Hz for a rectangular window, 0.54 Hz for Hann and Hamming windows and 0.81 Hz for Blackman's window, which is consistent with the requirements of the specifications.The results of spectral analysis of traction current showed that the frequency resolution of harmonics, and accordingly the relative error in determine the frequency and the RMS value of harmonics is lower for high frequencies in spectrum.The type of windows used has a slight effect on the accuracy of determining the frequency of harmonics. The relative error of the effective value of the harmonic current was higher for a rectangular window, and relative error decreased in the row from the rectangular window to the Blackman window. The values of the relative error of the RMS current for several frequencies ofthe harmonics did not meet the requirements necessary for the practical use of the method, and this is due to spectrum leakage and scalloping.For windows with a length of 1 s, the frequency resolution of the traction current was higher. than for windows with a length of 0.3 s, and the relative error of the RMS current and frequen- cies of the harmonics were much lower, but even in this case, the relative error was high for individual frequencies .To ensure the necessary accuracy of the traction current spectral analysis with using win- dowed FFT, proper choosing of the spectral analysis parameters taking into account the traction current parameters is necessary. Taking into account a wide frequency range of traction current, a technique with variable window length and sampling frequency for different parts of the spectrum is perspective for using.
Accurate Calculations of Dynamic First Hyperpolarizability: Construction of Physically Justified Slater-Type Basis Sets
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2014) Rossikhin, V.; Voronkov, Eugene O.; Okovytyy, Sergiy I.; Sergeieva, T.; Kapusta, K.; Leszczynski, Jerzy; Voronkov, Yevgeniy O.
EN: An efficient procedure for construction of physically rationalized Slater-type basis sets for calculations of dynamic hyperpolarizability is proposed. Their performance is evaluated for the DFT level calculations for model molecules, carried out with a series of functionals. Advantages of new basis sets over standard d-aug-cc-pVTZ and recently developed LPOL-(FL,FS) Gaussian-type basis sets are discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accurate Calculations of Second-Order Electric and Magnetic Properties: Two Ways of Physically Justified Modifications of Basis Sets
(Elsevier B.V., 2010) Bolshakov, V.; Rossikhin, V. V.; Voronkov, Eugene O.; Voronkov, Yevgeniy O.; Okovytyy, Sergiy I.; Leszczynski, Jerzy
EN: Second-order electric and magnetic properties calculated using an approach based upon the simultaneous analytical dependence of the bond order matrix and basis set functions on the corresponding perturbation parameters have been obtained and analyzed for a series of organic molecules. Various methods of selection of basis set quality for different atoms in investigated molecules were examined in conjunction with calculations of 1H NMR chemical shifts. Comparison of the results obtained at different levels of theory (HF, DFT, MP2) demonstrates small correlation effects for polarizability and magnetic susceptibility while the electron correlation effects play crucial role for calculations of nuclear magnetic shielding (chemical shifts).
Actual Problems of Interaction of Objects of the Infrastructure and Rolling Stock
(Transcomp – XV International Conference, 2011) Kulyabko, Vladimir V.; Raspopov, Oleksandr S.; Artyomov, Vitaliy Y.; Artomov, Vitalii Y.; Artyomow, V. E.
EN: There are a number of actual problems of modern bridge construction in a context of static-dynamic interaction of bridge designs and the railway rolling stock is considered. The integrated classification of settlement models for research of joint dynamics of system "bridge-train" is offered, the basic criteria and the factors influencing result of numerical modeling and dynamic calculation of bridges are allocated.
Adaptation of Ukrainian Grain Elevators for Unit Train Loading
(Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2018) Kozachenko, Dmytro M.; Bobrovsky, Volodymyr I.; Ochkasov, Oleksandr B.; Shepotenko, Anatolii P.; Hermaniuk, Yuliia M.
ENG: The aim of the paper is to improve approaches to the design and operation of private sidings of grain elevators for loading of unit trains. The research is based on the methods of organizing of railway operation. One of the main methods of reducing costs in the logistics chain, which provides for the export of grain cargoes is the using of unit train technology for transportation. Introduction of this technology in Ukraine is limited by the low loading capacity of elevators. In the paper the basic schemes of track development of elevator private sidings and analyzes the use of different technical means for performing shunting operations are presented. The results of the performed research can be used for designing and reconstruction of the existing elevators and for building the new ones, as well as for estimating the costs associated with different logistic schemes for grain delivery to seaports. As result the work develops a methodology and obtains a technical-operational assessment of the technical equipment and the operation technology grain elevator private sidings for loading of unit trains.
Adaptive Management of Transport Logistics in Agricultural Enterprises
(Academic Research Publishing Group (ARPG), 2022) Deineha, Oleksandr; Chymosh, Kateryna; Kobylynska, Tetiana; Nazarov, Oleksii A.; Liapa, Mykola; Sapotnitska, Nataliia
ENG: Agriculture is a complex logistics system with some features and limitations. The logistics system usually operates in conditions of pronounced uncertainty, characteristic random processes, so the aim of the article is to study and develop recommendations for improving the adaptability of transport logistics management in agricultural enterprises. In the article, the authors considered the specifics of logistics processes occurring in agriculture. The importance of cooperation in the development of logistics of the agro-industrial complex formed based on intersectoral cooperation of public transport enterprises, institutions, service and infrastructure organizations, which have separate transport units, united by technological and economic ties, and use a variety of resources of the region for the formation and implementation of transport services. The financial content of cluster development as a tool of competitiveness and innovative activity of agricultural enterprises is reflected, which allows realizing the available potential to increase sales.
Adhesion Strength of Electrodeposited Ni, Zn, and Fe Coatings with Copper Substrates
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Shtapenko, Eduard Ph.; Zabludovsky, Vladimir A.; Tytarenko, Valentyna V.
ENG: This paper presents the adhesive strength values of electrodeposited nickel, zinc, and iron coatings on copper substrates at various deposition parameters, including laser-assisted stimulation of the deposition process. One of the factors determined to be responsible for the adhesive strength of metal films with a metal substrate is the formation of a diffusion zone at the ‘coating-substrate’ interface. It is shown that an increase in adhesive strength is achieved due to the expansion of the diffusion zone and the formation of solid solutions. The decrease in adhesive strength at high overpotentials is associated with the release of hydrogen and the formation of intermediate phases.
Adsorption of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn Metal Ions on Fullerene C60 and on Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes C48 as a Driven Force of Composite Coatings’ Electrodeposition
(Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, 2021) Tytarenko, Valentina V.; Shtapenko, Eduard Ph.; Voronkov, Eugene O.; Vangara, Aruna; Zabludovsky, Vladimir A.; Kolodziejczyk, Wojciech; Kapusta, Karina; Okovytyy, Sergiy I.
EN: Composite electrodeposited films fabricated from aqueous solution of electrolytes that contain ions of metals along with carbon nanomaterial particles such as fullerene C60 were investigated. Results for the cathodic polarization curve showed an increase in charge-transfer resistance. Phase composition analysis for metal films revealed the presence of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) inside the metal matrix and significant changes in the crystal lattice. As it shown on microphotographies, addition of CNPs changes columnar growth patterns of metallic films to microlayered structure due to passivation of the surface. Density Functional Theory was used for calculation of thermochemical, electronic and structural properties of metal ions complexes with CNPs. Calculated binding energies of the CNPs-Me2+ complexes suggests that an adsorption of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ ions on the surface of fullerene C60 and SWNT C48 is possible and thermodynamically favorable. Binding affinity was found to be significantly stronger when the metal ion was adsorbed onto a surface of SWNT C48, than adsorption to the fullerene C60. With Cu2+ complexes being the most thermodynamically stable, binding affinities were increasing in a row Co2+
Advanced Study on Resource-Saving Methods of Forming Information Infrastructure of Sorting Stations
(BP International, West Bengal, India, 2021) Kosolapov, Anatolii A.
EN: This chapter discusses a resource-saving method for choosing a rational structure of an automated control system when technical structure migration from a centralized system based on a powerful processor to a functionally distributed system based on microcontrollers. The method allows you to determine a rational number of subsystems that effectively use the computing and financial resources of the project. The approach is illustrated by a real example of designing an automated control system for a marshalling yard.
Advances in railway vehicles and infrastructure engineering
(AIME, 2026) Kalivoda, Jan; Neduzha, Larysa O.
ENG: The present Special Collection is devoted to current advances in railway vehicles and infrastructure engineering, a field that has gained renewed strategic importance in the context of sustainable mobility, climate goals, and the rapid development of transportation systems. Rail transport is increasingly expected to combine high levels of safety, energy efficiency, environmental performance, and operational reliability, while simultaneously responding to growing demands for capacity and speed. The Special Collection brings together 11 contributions that reflect these challenges and offer an interesting overview of recent methodological, technological, and applied research directions that shape contemporary railway engineering.
The Advisability of Using Dual Gauge for Expansion of the International Traffic
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2020) Kurhan, Mykola ; Kurhan, Dmytro ; Husak, Marina ; Hmelevska, Nelya
ENG: The possibilities of railway transport for the organization of transportation between the countries are not used to the full extent, since there are a number of technical reasons. The usage of dual gauge (1435/1520 mm) is one of the solutions. As an example of using dual gauge is the international project "Rail Baltica", Lviv railway and etc.
Agent-Based Simulation Model of Multimodal Iron Ore Concentrate Transportation
(National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2023) Namazov, Manafaddin; Matsiuk, Viacheslav; Bulgakova, Iuliia; Nikolaienko, Iryna; Vernyhora, Roman V.
ENG: Most global supply chains are implemented through the use of some different types of transport. This especially applies to general cargo: iron ore, oil, grain. As the participants in the transport process increase, the risks of delays, interoperational downtime, and delays in deliveries increase. Therefore, the improvement of multimodal cargo transportation remains an urgent scientific and applied problem. The aim of studying was to research technical and operational parameters of the multimodal supply chain of cargo delivery (on the example of iron ore concentrate). The research's aim of the study was realized by the development of an agent-based simulation model. The simulation model is implemented in the Any Logic Research Edition environment with Java SE, as this toolkit allows combining discrete-event and agent-based approaches in the simulation simultaneously. As a result of the experiment with the developed simulation model, it was found that: 1) approximately 40% of the delivery time is spent waiting for the transport unit to load (8%) and freight being under collecting up to the loading rate into the transport unit (33%); 2) the sensitivity experiment of the model has determined that of all the variable technological parameters of the basic model, the difference in the ratio between the rate of loading of the railway train and the sea vessel has the greatest influence on the average time of freight delivery; 3) the relationship between the capacity of the vessel (with a constant rate of mass shipment into the railway train) and the average time of shipment collecting to the rate of loading into the vessel in case of accidental arrival of freight by rail in the transshipment terminal is highly approximate linear dependence. The results of the research can be used to improve the logistics chains for the delivery of iron ore concentrate from Ukraine to other countries.
Air Pollution in Ukraine from Space
(Arnika – Citizen Support Centre, Prague, Czech Republic, 2020) Bočková, Simona; Bohovic, Roman; Hrnčiar, Matúš; Muroň, Mikuláš; Filippovová, Pavlína; Skalský, Martin; Soroka, Maksym L.; Labohý, Jan
EN: Purpose. This study presents the results of the analysis of air pollution in Ukraine, based on satellite data Copernicus Sentinel 5p and the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service. The authors of this study present the spatial and temporal distribution of the content of the PM2.5, PM10, NO2, CO and H2CO in Ukraine. Methodology. Satellite data from Sentinel-5P is obtained via the Sentinel Hub (SH) operated by Sinergise. The Sentinel Hub supports Sentinel-5P level 2 (L2) data products which are geolocated, primarily preprocessed, and contain a “qa_value”. SP5 satellite data products are mostly measured and provided in mol/m2 units. For the purpose of the analysis presented here, the surface level concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were obtained through the Atmosphere Data Store (ADS) – a distributed data and information system which provides access to all CAMS datasets through unified web and API interfaces. In order to keep the observation time in line with the values monitored by the S5P satellite, daily concentrations modelled for 13:00 UTC have been used. As the database of CAMS data offered through the ADS consists of three years of the most recent data (termed a rolling archive), our analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations covers the period from 15 July 2017 to 14 July 2020. Results. According to the results of the study, areas of increased air pollution were identified, which include industrial agglomerations of Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Kyiv, Luhansk and Zaporizhia regions of Ukraine. Producing real data and evidence and their use must be a priority for achieving real improvements in air quality while also maintaining cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the connection of all existing ground monitoring systems and extension of the network is a necessity, especially in places that have been identified as air pollution hotspots. According to the experience of the EU countries, building a unified system operated by one authority on a national level, which also performs validation of data, seems to be the best option. This system should also be independent of external and political influences. It is advisable to use all available data on air quality, including public air monitoring systems and the results of independent scientific research, after their additional evaluation. Disclaimer. This study was financed from the Transition Promotion Program of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic and National Endowment for Democracy (USA). The donors are not responsible for the opinions presented in the study.
Algorithm for Choosing a Cost-Effective Tourist Railway Route
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2024) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Severino, Alessandro; Keršys, Robertas; Neduzha, Larysa
ENG: Railway transport is one of the most competitive modes of transport. To provide high-quality transportation for passengers, railways require various types of resources, particularly, financial ones. A significant part of the financial resources of railways can also be obtained from tourist activities. Therefore, the article presents an algorithm for choosing a cost-effective tourist route by railway transport. Thanks to the algorithm, it is possible to ensure the maximum net present value with the established system of requirements for railway activity.
Ambiguous Janus of Modern Democracy
(Dnipropetrovsk National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, Dnipropetrovsk, 2016) Khmil, Volodymyr V.
ENG: Purpose. The purpose of the research is to analyze ambiguous concept of democracy as a phenomenon of political and social formation based on political and instrumental approach. As a result, some deep fundamentals of human social existence and values as social life basis are blurred. Task. The task of this investigation is to reveal the concept of democracy in its invariative philosophical meaning and find the consequences of global social transformations towards social entropy. Methods of investigation. To implement the task an activity approach has been used with further possibility to single out two approaches - politological and philosophical. The focus on democracy from philosophic point of view makes possible to anticipate negative entropic processes that lead to future ambiguity. Subject matter. Chaotic social processes can result in ruined family, spiritual, legal and moral formations. Regulatory and legal paradigms are becoming less effective and entail disintegration of spiritual and value constituents of worldview causing necessary conditions for social entropy. Originality and Findings. Possible threats for human freedom that hinder the way to targeted prospects of mankind have been considered in the paper. Thus, taking into account all positive aspects of democracy, it is simultaneously becoming the tool of continuous differentiation of society into tiny autonomous communities similar to nomadic atomization of society. The concept based on moral substantial existence basis as in “axis time” by K. Jaspers that can prevent social entropy resulting in world anthropologic catastrophes has been grounded in the present research.
American Realia – «11/22/63» by Stephen King
(ТОВ «Бял ГРЛД-БГ», Софія, Болгарія, 2018) Muntian, Antonina O.
EN: Annotation: Current research is aimed at investigating of representation of American realia in modern literature. In the course of research it is stated that realia originate in popular culture and are natural to plenty of texts and genres. The conclusion is that realia are represented with a number of literary tropes, which help to create authentic atmosphere of the late 50s America.
American Servicewomen in the Twentieth Century [Review of the Monograph by E. Archer “Women, Warfare and Representation. American Servicewomen in the Twentieth Century” (Bloomsbury Academic, 2017. 256 р.)]
(Milenium, Kyiv; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 2023) Vlasova, Tetiana I.
ENG: The book considers the various ways the American servicewoman has been represented throughout the 20th century, and how those representations impact the roles she is permitted to inhabit. With the primary focus on the American case Emerald Archer also introduced a comparative element showing integration of women into the military in other countries including Great Britain, Canada and Israel.
American Servicewomen in the Twentieth Century. [Review of the monograph by E. Archer `Women, Warfare and representation (Bloomsbury Academics, 2017. 256 p.)] (preprint)
(Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка, Україна, 2023) Vlasova, Tetiana I.
ENG: The book considered the various ways the American servicewoman has been represented throughout the 20th century, and how those representations impact the roles she is permitted to inhabit. With the primary focus on the American case Emerald Archer also introduced a comparative element showing integration of women into the military in other countries including Great Britain, Canada and Israel.
Analysis and Research of the Causes and Course of Degradation of Lithium Batteries
(EDP Sciences-Web of conferences, 2024) Buriak, Serhii Yu.; Gololobova, Oksana O.; Havryliuk, Volodymyr I.; Serdiuk, Tetiana M.; Voznyak, Oleh M.; Manachyn, Ivan O.
ENG: Energy storage devices based on lithium technology are confidently leading the respective market due to their significant advantages over other technologies in the industry. Despite their relatively recent history of appearance, they managed to undergo many modifications of both physical and chemical components. One of the constant goals of all research in this field is the formation of knowledge about the degradation processes occurring inside a given chemical current source, and ways to influence them. Systematization and identification of the fundamental reasons for the decrease in the performance of lithium batteries still remains a topical issue of today, and therefore is considered in this article. And no matter how studied this issue looks, taking into account the existing many long-term experimental data of a huge number of scientists and a number of different types of companies, but still, optimization of work is impossible without identifying and eliminating as many destructive factors as possible in battery operation. The difficulty of this process lies also in the fact that, taking into account all the high-tech production processes in the world, there are no two identical lithium current sources. On the example of a single battery, the ability to maintain high performance, close to nominal, was demonstrated from a source that, due to its lifetime, should not have had them. The data obtained during the experiment, which confirmed the high performance, show once again that the issue of degradation of lithium current sources can and should be studied further.
Analysis and Ways for Advancing of Mathematical Model of Pulverized Coal Ignition and Combustion
(Інститут геотехнічної механіки ім. М.С. Полякова НАН України, 2022) Zhevzhyk, Oleksandr V.; Potapchuk, Iryna Yu.; Pertsevyi, Vitalii O.; Sekar, Manigandan
ENG: An analysis of mathematical models of ignition and burning of a single particle and a coal cloud is given. Models which take into account the presence of ash in particles, the influence of the ratio of the amount of coal and primary air (excess coefficient) and the size of coal particles on the ignition process are presented and analyzed. It is shown that simplifications in mathematical models in most cases lead to a loss of accuracy and therefore the results cannot be used for practical purposes. Simulation of complex air supply processes by approximation of uniformity also leads to questionable results. A significant influence on the ignition and combustion of coal particles affects the content and intensity of the release of volatile substances and the chemical reactions that occur in this case. The rate of volatiles yield is proposed to be calculated according to the Arrhenius law, and the activation energy and frequency factor are considered to be those that do not depend on the type of coal, but are determined only by the temperature of the particle. Taking into account heat transfer by radiation and a decrease in the particle diameter during combustion has a positive effect on the results obtained. According to the results, the reactivity and losses with underburning significantly depend on the initial diameter of coal particles. Most models do not take into account the change in temperature inside the particles during heating, ignition and combustion in the apparatus, but there are works that are specifically devoted to the study of temperature fields inside the particles and the influence of the particle shape on the combustion rate. Modeling showed that motion relative to the gas leads to an intensification of heat transfer between the particles and the environment, while the volatile matter yield time decreases at a high ambient gas temperature. A decrease in the rate of combustion chemical reactions is noted with an increase in the concentration of water vapor in the gaseous medium around the particle, i.e. oxygen diffusion is the limiting factor in particle combustion. The most complete and physically correct gas dynamics during combustion is calculated in models where known turbulence models are used, such as the standard k-ε model, RNG k-ε model, BSL model and SST model. At the end of the article, the concepts for improving the model of ignition and combustion of coal particles are outlined.
Analysis of Air Dust Pollution in the Transport Compartment of the Launch Vehicle at the Stage of the Pre-launch Preparation
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2024) Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Biliaieva, Viktoriia V.; Kozachyna, Vitalii A.; Kozachyna, Valeriia V.; Mashykhina, Polina B.; Semenenko, Pavlo
ENG: At the stage of the pre-launch preparation, it is necessary to fulfill very strict environment conditions inside the main fairing where the satellite is located. Namely, it is very important to predict dust concentration inside the main fairing and especially near satellite surface during forced ventilation. To predict air dust pollution inside of main fairing 2D fluid dynamics numerical model has been developed. The governing equations include equation of potential flow to simulate air flow inside the main fairing and equation of pollutant dispersion. Also, empirical model has been used to calculate the number of dust particles fall to the satellite surface. Implicit finite difference schemes of splitting have been used for numerical integration of governing equations. The computer code has been developed on the basis of proposed numerical model. The results of computational experiments to estimate dust concentration field inside the main fairing of the launch vehicle are presented.
Analysis of Deformed State Structures of the Kyiv Metro Running Tunnels on a Transition Zone from Spondylov’s Clay to Buchatskiy Sands
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2014) Petrenko, Volodymyr D.; Huzchenko, Victor T.; Tiutkin, Oleksii L.; Tiutkin, Dmytro V.
ENG: Purpose. In the section of changes geotechnical conditions of spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sands may have significant structural deformation of running tunnels. It is necessary to identify the cause of deformities develop ways to minimize and based modeling and calculations to prove the effectiveness of measures to reduce deformation. Methodology. To solve the analysis problem of the stress-strain state (SSS) of the system «structure array» it was conducted the numerical simulation using the finite element method (FEM). On the basis of the obtained results the graphs were constructed and the dependencies were determined. Findings. The presence of weak watersaturated soils in tray of the tunnel on an area of transition from spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sand causes significant increasing in strain construction of tunnels and general vibration liquefaction in soil basis. Also change the physical and mechanical characteristics of soils within the frames of tunnels influences on the level of strain state of most frames. Improved strain state settings of tunnels in areas of change soil characteristics of the array (especially at the bottom of casing) can be achieved by chemical consolidation of weak soils. Composition of solutions for fixing the weak soils should be determined based on the study of grain size, porosity, and other parameters of physical and mechanical and physical and chemical characteristics of soils. Originality. The basic cause significant strain on transition zone from spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sands is found, that is explained by saturated phenomenon vibration liquefaction basis under the tunnel. Practical value. The approaches to reduce the strain in the construction of running tunnels in the transition zone from spondylov’s clay to buchatskiy sands are developed, as well as in the area of the station «Glybochytska» the Kyiv Metro.
Analysis of Design of Passenger Cars Bogies for High speed Movement
(The Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2014) Kharchenko, Aleksandr V.
EN: This paper gives an overview of the existing models of passenger cars bogies for high-speed movement, both Ukrainian production and production of other countries. As a result of this analysis it were determined the main tendencies to improve the design of running parts of passenger cars for high-speed movement. Also it was made a classification of bogies of passenger cars on different criteria.
Analysis of Feasibility for Implementing European Standard Railway Tracks in Ukraine
(Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2023) Kurhan, Mykola; Kurhan, Dmytro; Hmelevska, Nelya
ENG: The contemporary challenge at hand pertains to the development of theoretical, methodological frameworks, and practical guidelines for establishing railway mainlines in Ukraine aligned with European standards. The objective of this research involves scrutinizing diverse scenarios and, based on this analysis, evaluating the prospects of constructing European standard railway tracks within Ukraine. The introduction of a 1435 mm gauge railway network on a new route within Ukraine necessitates substantial investments in transport infrastructure construction and procurement of rolling stock. An unbiased assessment and definitive determination of prospective directions demand an examination of key criteria characterizing rail-oriented agglomeration tendencies and the volume of transit transportation for both passengers and freight. Additionally, the analysis takes into account the techno-economic potential of these directions.
Analysis of Innovative Forms of Work Organization and Their Impact on Personnel Performance
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2026) Charkina, Tatyana Yu.; Sarakhman, Larysa
ENG: From the standpoint of risk analysis and the concept of safety, the authors propose a new interpretation of critical members. Their performance determines the level of losses during the operation of mechanical systems. Therefore, it is advantageous to make critical members from high-strength steels that are sensitive to most influencing factors. Elements made of high-strength steels suffer from cyclic load with high stress ratio. In this aspect, cylindrical samples of heat-treated 09Cr16Ni4Nb and 13Cr15Ni4Мо3 steels were tested for tensile fatigue. The test results were presented in the form of a lifetime equation. Smith diagrams in coordinates were obtained by simple transformations from lifetime equation. These graphs showed a slightly anomalous concave shape instead of the expected convex shape. This indicates a loss of sensitivity to mean stress at high stress ratio. The authors explain this phenomenon from the standpoint of the merging of fatigue and fracture mechanics concept. Interestingly, a similar form was obtained for the graph of the dependence of the critical cyclical SIF on stress ratio. That is, the sensitivity of cyclic toughness to the value of the stress ratio decreases as it increases.
Analysis of Operation of Railway Communication Systems
(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2019) Botnarevscaia, R.; Serdiuk, Tetiana M.
ENG: Actuality. Technological progress, which has rapidly burst into our lives, dictates its own rules. There is a need to modernize the railway infrastructure, which, in its current equipment, built in 70-80 years of the last century, is morally and technically obsolete. Considering the huge volumes of work to be done, we come to the understanding that it is not possible to carry out such modernization in a short time, both from a financial point of view and from a technical point of view. For a long time, you will have to measure with the simultaneous operation of both new and old equipment and ensure their uninterrupted functioning. New electronic equipment introduced in various fields requires careful testing for electromagnetic compatibility. Ensuring safety in the transport of passengers and goods depends on this. So, the scientific work deals with the analysis of operation of railway communication systems are actuality. The object of research is railway communication lines. The main purpose is to evaluate the quality of different kinds of railway communication and the reasons of noise and interference in these systems. It was carried out the follows in the paper: the reasons of appearance noises in the telecommunication channels (radio and wire communications) were analyzed; the main faults in the overhead communication lines and their influence on the quality of communication were evaluated; the electromagnetic interferences in the communication lines and their frequency diapasons were researched; the further ways of investigation and simulation of influence traction and non-traction systems on the communication channels were described. The scientific novelty is in the proposition of use CST simulation to investigate electromagnetic influence of traction and non-traction power system on the communication channels with the 8-poles mathematic modelling. Research will be carried out by the method of direct measurements on existing equipment and collection of statistical data. At the end of the research, conclusions will be drawn about the electromagnetic compatibility of the of old and new equipment of communication systems, and we can say that the issue does not lose its relevance due to the introduction of new types of rolling stock, the modernization of traction substations.
Analysis of Operational Characteristics of SRM in Emergency Modes of the Converter Unit
(IEEE, 2022) Vlasenko, Vladimir; Tytiuk, Valerii; Kuznetsov, Vitalii V.; Kuntush, Yelena; Chornyi, Oleksii; Busher, Victor
ENG: The paper analyzes the issues of maintaining the operability of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) in various emergency situations. The researches were carried out using simulation modeling in the Matlab environment, the developed model was used for both normal and emergency operation modes. A series of dynamic tests of the motor torque has been carried out, and the values of the electromagnetic torque pulsation coefficient have been calculated. The possibility of maintaining the operability of SRM in the event of various emergency situations in the phases of the motor has been proved. The static mechanical characteristics of the motor are built and the calculation of the droop of the mechanical characteristics for possible emergency modes is performed. © 2022 IEEE.
Analysis of Possibilities for Integrating the Transport System of Ukraine into the European Transport Network
(Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2023) Nesterenko, Halyna I.; Muzykin, Mykhailo I.; Strelko, Oleh H.; Bibik, Svitlana I.; Aleksieieva, A. O.
ENG: This article is devoted to the analysis of transport networks of such European countries as Ukraine, Hungary, and Romania. The article provides an analysis of the peculiarities in the movement organization in these countries. The transport systems of these countries were researched since during the war the issue of the interaction of the automobile transport networks exactly in these countries became particularly relevant. After all, there are incredibly long queues at the checkpoints in Poland because of strikes by Polish customs officers. And, therefore, the routes through Romania and Hungary are the most realistic both during the export of goods from Ukraine and to import humanitarian goods. The joint use of Europe's integrated systems is a necessary component in the organization of the effective operation of road transport, as it ensures increased efficiency in the use of the motor vehicle fleet and personnel; reduction of costs for maintenance, fuel, lubricants due to optimization of routes and reduction of non-productive vehicle mileage; reduction of the need to expand the motor vehicle fleet; clearer prospective planning of work based on objective information about the real mileage of each vehicle unit and reduction of losses related to repairs and expansion of the range of services and prompt response to requests. It is advisable to conduct further research in the direction of adapting the use of augmented reality technology in the driver's navigation systems.
Analysis of Problem Related to Experimental Data Processing in the Study of the Rolling Stock Influence on the Track
(KTU leidykla „Technologija“, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2022) Bondarenko, Iryna; Keršys, Robertas; Neduzha, Larysa
ENG: In paper discusses the problem of the correctness of the unification of experimental data by axes and points of measurement. The purpose of the study is to analyse experimental data in the study of the influence of the rolling stock on the railway track associated with the change of the nature and ratio of values of forces and stresses when combining data. Experimental data obtained from the study of the influence of Tulpar Talgo on the railway track were considered. The main feature is the construction of a trolley having one wheel instead of two, which makes it possible to show the nature of changes in stresses and forces when grouping data. This made it possible to assess the correctness of the unification in terms of the nature of the force ratio for the passage of rolling stock in the study area.