Кафедра "Інтелектуальні системи електропостачання" (раніше кафедра "Енергопостачання залізниць")

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://crust.ust.edu.ua/handle/123456789/655

UKR: У подальшому увійшла до складу факультету Управління енергетичними та економічними процесами.

ENG: Department of Intelligent Power Supply Systems (Department of Power of Railways, renamed the 31.10.2016)
Subsequently, the department became part of the Faculty of Energy and Economic Process Management.

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AC/DC Converter for DC Traction Power Supply System With High-Speed Train Operation
(National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute", Kiev, 2019) Sokol, Yevgen; Sychenko, Viktor G.; Voitovych, Yurii; Kosariev, Yevhen M.; Styslo, Bohdan; Hubskyi, Petro V.
EN: Purpose of the work is improved approaches to ensure the required quality parameters of voltage in the traction network based on modern technologies and equipment. The pulsating mode of the power consumption in the railroad power supply network is the cause of the occurrence of voltage pulsations in the contact network. The use of active rectifiers in the electric power supply system of the railroad is proposed. The control system is developed by the converter, which allows to stabilize the output voltage in the DC link and also provides the unit power factor consumed by the converter and the THD consumption current at the level of 8%. A mathematical model of the converter was developed and a study of its main modes of operation was performed.
Analysis and Ways for Advancing of Mathematical Model of Pulverized Coal Ignition and Combustion
(Інститут геотехнічної механіки ім. М.С. Полякова НАН України, 2022) Zhevzhyk, Oleksandr V.; Potapchuk, Iryna Yu.; Pertsevyi, Vitalii O.; Sekar, Manigandan
ENG: An analysis of mathematical models of ignition and burning of a single particle and a coal cloud is given. Models which take into account the presence of ash in particles, the influence of the ratio of the amount of coal and primary air (excess coefficient) and the size of coal particles on the ignition process are presented and analyzed. It is shown that simplifications in mathematical models in most cases lead to a loss of accuracy and therefore the results cannot be used for practical purposes. Simulation of complex air supply processes by approximation of uniformity also leads to questionable results. A significant influence on the ignition and combustion of coal particles affects the content and intensity of the release of volatile substances and the chemical reactions that occur in this case. The rate of volatiles yield is proposed to be calculated according to the Arrhenius law, and the activation energy and frequency factor are considered to be those that do not depend on the type of coal, but are determined only by the temperature of the particle. Taking into account heat transfer by radiation and a decrease in the particle diameter during combustion has a positive effect on the results obtained. According to the results, the reactivity and losses with underburning significantly depend on the initial diameter of coal particles. Most models do not take into account the change in temperature inside the particles during heating, ignition and combustion in the apparatus, but there are works that are specifically devoted to the study of temperature fields inside the particles and the influence of the particle shape on the combustion rate. Modeling showed that motion relative to the gas leads to an intensification of heat transfer between the particles and the environment, while the volatile matter yield time decreases at a high ambient gas temperature. A decrease in the rate of combustion chemical reactions is noted with an increase in the concentration of water vapor in the gaseous medium around the particle, i.e. oxygen diffusion is the limiting factor in particle combustion. The most complete and physically correct gas dynamics during combustion is calculated in models where known turbulence models are used, such as the standard k-ε model, RNG k-ε model, BSL model and SST model. At the end of the article, the concepts for improving the model of ignition and combustion of coal particles are outlined.
Anthropological Aspects of High-Tech Facilities Operation Support
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2017) Matusevych, Oleksandr O.; Matusevych, Oleksii O.
ENG: Purpose. The article, based on the analysis of actual materials, highlights the importance of taking into account the influence of the human factor in occurrence of emergency situations in terms of transport infrastructure. Methodology. The research is based on the interdisciplinary system analysis. It was comprehended how the service technicians of high-tech systems can create latent unsafe conditions that combined with other hazardous activities can cause an emergency and injury. The authors attempt to dramatize the issue in order to find a solution – on the one hand, man is the most crucial part of a complex technological system, on the other hand – he is the most unreliable part of the system, especially in terms of the extreme power of modern vehicles and their speeds. The above situation demonstrates the need for a new level of anthropic comprehension of the high-tech systems in the schematic set "human-system-environment". Originality. The paper analysed the problems and conditions of human factors that allow detecting the causes of technicians’ errors. The authors highlighted proposals for psychocorrective work among the personnel of the facilities. The problem of further development of continuous improvement of the equipment maintenance systems, based on integrated approach taking into account the human factor, is also not overlooked. Conclusion. In the course of understanding the human factor and its influence on the processes, the most urgent tasks are as follows: implementation of new system software, automation of vehicles and development of high production culture based on moral qualities of experts.
Assessing the Feasibility of Electric Road Transport in Europe Using the Integral Emissions Index
(The Silesian University of Technology, Katowice, Poland, 2025) Bosyi, Dmytro O.; Zemskyi, Denys R.; Biltsan, Kostiantyn M.; Borycheva, Svitlana V.
ENG: This article reviews the development of electric road transport and assesses its feasibility in European countries based on an analysis of CO₂ emissions using an integral index. Electric road transport is evolving in three main directions: battery-powered vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and road electrification. Battery electric vehicles are widely used, but their future may be constrained by issues related to cost, charging infrastructure, and raw material availability. Hydrogen-powered vehicles offer fast refueling but require substantial investments and strict safety standards. Road electrification includes both contact and wireless energy transfer systems. Contact-based systems, in particular, provide high power and low energy losses, making them optimal for vehicles with significant energy demands. The environmental efficiency of electric vehicles largely depends on the electricity source. Countries with a high share of renewable energy, such as Norway and France, demonstrate greater environmental efficiency in electric vehicle adoption. Special attention should be given to road electrification, which reduces the duration of battery-powered autonomous driving and allows for smaller battery sizes, thereby extending their lifespan. This approach not only increases battery longevity but also has a positive environmental impact by reducing emissions associated with battery production and disposal.
Asymmetric Power Supply Circuit Design for Electric Rolling Stock on the Electrified DC Rail
(IEEE, 2020) Sychenko, Viktor G.; Danylov, Oleksiy; Bekh, Petro V.; Kosariev, Yevhen; Liashuk, Vitalij; Drubetskaya, Tanya
ENG: Modern requirements for the traction power supply system of direct current in providing the high-speed movement are reduced to the need of ensuring a normalized voltage level of 2900 V on current collectors of electric locomotives. At the same time, the power supply system has to be stable on changes in power consumption and have the necessary specific energy intensity. The purpose of the work is to explain the transition to a new circuit design of the traction network using additional generators of electric energy. The proposed asymmetrical power supply system of the electric rolling stock allows to provide the required voltage level on the electric locomotive current collectors, to reduce the range of its changes and to reduce the power losses by 14.3% compared to the symmetrical centralized power supply circuit design with passive boosting of the traction network.
Automatied Workstation for Calculating Rational Mode of Traction Power Supply Systems
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2013) Kuznetsov, Valeriy
EN: Improving the competitiveness and efficiency of railway transport of Ukraine is impossible without solving a number of priority issues, including: providing a rational railway technology taking into account energetic, economic and environmental criteria, infrastructure development for high-speed motion, improving consumption energy planning, the implementation of effective management at all levels of the production cycle. This list very important problem is energy saving in power supply traction systems. This problem is complex, multi-level and multi-factor in nature. The definition of rational modes of traction power supply DC systems has previously been performed without taking into account the realities of our time, when there is a market economy, there are different options for electricity payment (by flat-rate tariffs, differentiated tariffs or wholesale prices for electricity). Now, the energy component in the transportation tariff has reached 20%, and taking into account global trends will continue to rise. When making decisions in firstly we need to take into account not only technical indicators, but also economic (cost of electricity consumed). The paper presents the principles of rational modes of the power supply systems. This make a basis for creation a monitoring system for ensuring the rational modes, which could for each time point evaluate the power supply system mode and propose the measures to ensure the most profitable mode. It's done the description of the specialized software that allows you to define rational modes of traction power supply system. The discussed program uses a genetic algorithm to determine the rational modes. This article contains screenshots of developed software.
Badania Rezerw Zasilania Poprzez Racjonalne Rozmieszczenie Pociagow na Odcinku
(Польша, 2013) Maksimczuk, W. F.; Kuzniecov, Walery G.; Kalasznikov, K. A.; Kiriluk, T. l.
PL: Przeprowadzono badanie czynnikow okreslajctcych wielkosc strat mocy w sieci trakcyjnej. Nastepnie okreslono zaleinosci pomiedzy wielkoscict strat mocy w sieci trakcyjnej a liczbct pocictgow i ich dyslokacjct na odcinkach miedzypodstacyjnych.
Badanie Skali Zmienności Obciążeń Wybranej Tramwajowej Podstacji Trakcyjnej na Podstawie Rzeczywistych Wyników Pomiarowych dla Spójnego Okresu Czasowego Obejmującego Szesnaście Tygodni
(Politechniki Krakowskiej im. Tadeusza Kościuszki, Kraków, Polska, 2015) Drapik, Slavomir; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Markowski, Paweł; Prusak, Janusz; Woszczyna, Bartosz
PL: Zmienność obciążeń trakcyjnych powoduje, że projektanci muszą dobierać moc zespołów prostownikowych dla podstacji trakcyjnych DC ze znacznym przewymiarowaniem. W artykule, na podstawie wyników pomiarowych eksploatowanej tramwajowej podstacji trakcyjnej, przedstawiono skalę przewymiarowania mocy zespołów prostownikowych tej podstacji. Stwierdzono występowanie znacznych odcinków czasowych, w których moce zespołów prostownikowych nie są wykorzystywane. Obliczono współczynniki przeciążeń chwilowych dla różnych odcinków czasowych, następnie przeprowadzono ich analizę statystyczną. Zwrócono uwagę na rozwiązanie techniczne mogące w przyszłości ograniczyć straty energii w podstacjach trakcyjnych DC.
Calculation of the Traction Power Supply Systems Using the Functions of Resistance
(Instytut Kolejnictwa, Warszawa, 2015) Bosiy, Dmytro O.; Kosariev, Yevhen M.
EN: The article is devoted to the development of a new method of calculating the instantaneous traction power supply circuits of the system. On the basic of the design scheme of generalized traction substations zone provided analytical functions of the resistance. Using the known functions of the current distribution of functions putted into the concept of resistance feeders traction substations. The functions of resistance and current distribution used in a more straightforward method of calculating the instant schemes that allow to formalize electrical calculations of electrical traction power supply systems.
Calculation of the Traction Power Supply Systems Using the Functions of Resistance (preprint)
(Instytut Kolejnictwa, Warszawa, 2015) Bosiy, Dmytro O.; Kosariev, Yevhen M.
EN: The article is devoted to the development of a new method of calculating the instantaneous traction power supply circuits of the system. On the basic of the design scheme of generalized traction substations zone provided analytical functions of the resistance. Using the known functions of the current distribution of functions putted into the concept of resistance feeders traction substations. The functions of resistance and current distribution used in a more straightforward method of calculating the instant schemes that allow to formalize electrical calculations of electrical traction power supply systems.
Comparative Tests of Contact Elements at Current Collectors in Order to Comprehensively Assess their Operational Performance
(PC "Technology Center", Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Kharkov, Ukraine, 2018) Babyak, Mykola O.; Horobets, Volodymyr L.; Sychenko, Viktor G.; Gorobets, Yevhen
EN: We have studied the interaction between contact elements in the pantographs of electric transport under operation at the sections of railroads powered by direct and alternating current. In contrast to known techniques for bench tests, we investigated the mechanism of current collection and wear resistance at the new testing installation over a minimally narrow region of the sliding contact, simulating the phenomenon of a pantograph “cut”. This installation can be used both industrially when manufacturing new contact elements and under laboratory setting when studying wear resistance. The experimental research confirmed that the wear intensity of contact elements at pantographs depends on current load over a contact area, the magnitude of contact pressure, the area of a contact surface, and motion speed. We have practically proven a possibility to maintain a reliable contact connection in the sliding contact under extreme operating conditions when using a reliable contact material for the current collector pads. It has been proposed to use the powder composition BrIG based on bronze, iron, and graphite, for making contact elements for pantographs that could provide for reliable contact when interacting with the contact wire. Application of new and high-quality contact materials affects the tribology and stability of interaction between plates and the contact wire. Owing to our study, a possibility has been established to manufacture a reliable contact element BrIG, which would prolong the time of interaction in the contact pair “pantograph at electric transport ‒ contact network”. The practical significance of this research relates to the proven efficiency of utilizing the new contact material BrIG for electric railroad transport network, in trolley buses and trams. Thus, one can argue about the possibility to prolong the time of operation for the contact pair “pad in a pantograph at electric transport ‒ contact network” by applying the new contact material BrIG.
Computing and Optimization for DC Power Systems of Electric Transport
(World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd., London, 2020) Bosyi, Dmytro O.; Sablin, Oleh I.; Kosariev, Yevhen
ENG: In the modern world, further development of society is impossible without environmentally friendly modes of transport and their effective interaction within the framework of Smart Energy and ECO-driving concepts. Written at a time of rapid development of information technologies in various fields, this book serves as a kind of bridge for the introduction of artificial intelligence into the electric transport power supply systems. The calculation models and methods proposed make it possible to choose the most efficient modern equipment for electric power supply of electric vehicles, which, as a result, saves investment costs and reduces time to make decisions for designing complex objects. Insight is also given into building and adjusting Smart Energy class equipment to achieve optimal and economical modes.
The Concept of a Hybrid Traction Power Supply System
(Les Ulis: EDP Sciences-Web of Conferences, France, 2019) Sychenko, Viktor G.; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Kosariev, Yevhen; Bekh, Petro V.; Sayenko, Yuriy; Styslo, Bohdan O.; Pavlichenko, Mihail; Vasilev, Ihor; Pulin, Mykola M.
ENG: Abstract. The growing shortage of energy resources to provide heavy traffic and high-speed traffic necessitates the development of a new power supply scheme for a traction network using sources of distributed generation of electric energy. Application of asymmetric distributed traction power system with the use of distributed generation allows to increase electric energy efficiency of the feed system of rolling stock, reduce its material capacity and increase the reliability of the functioning of the railway system as a whole. The proposed structure of the hybrid electric traction system involves the creation of a new paradigm aimed at ensuring high demands on the voltage and specific power in the traction network, which will allow to improve the quality and safety of the transportation process when increasing the energy performance indicators. This paradigm will allow to form a new philosophy of building traction power systems. The key elements of this philosophy are decentralization of generation and consumption of electric energy, the use of intelligent electric equipment, distributed power supply management in a single information space of the energy process during transportation. The peculiarity of the proposed work is the optimal combination of technological processes of transmission, consumption of electric energy and transportation, taking into account the specific conditions of functioning of the electrified section: points of connection of power sources and their type, profile of the track, schedule of trains, types of rolling stock and equipment. Conceptually, the hybrid traction power system is an electric hub, in which the inputs are generating points, and the output is the power supply system of the rolling stock. The internal structure of the electric power objects of the hub is determined by the type of transformation and accumulation of electric energy and ways of managing these objects in real time.
Continuous Improvement of Technical Servicing and Repair System of Railway Substation on the Basis of FMEA Methodology
(Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "TTS" Sp. z o.o, Radom, Poland, 2016) Matusevych, Oleksandr O.; Sychenko, Viktor H.; Białoń, Andrzej
EN: The article shows the ways of solving the problem of upgrading and efficiency of the technical servicing and repair of railway substation of electrified railways in operation. Proposed to use of FMEA methodology to continuous improvement the technical servicing and repair process of electrical equipment throughout the life cycle. By the given method, the calculation of critical violations operations of subprocess maintenance work of the supply transformer and subprocesses criticality of maintenance of power electric equipment of railway substations is carried out.
Control System Fidelity of Electric Energy
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. акад. В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2017) Chichil, A. A.; Fedorenko, A. A.; Skrypnyk, A. A.; Drubetskaya, Tanya
EN: It is difficult to install consumers with faulty accounting systems, to discover areas of distribution networks with increased technological losses, and the place of theft of electric energy. To develop a methodology that allows, with existing accounting systems, to increase the informativeness of the component of the difference of distributed and consumed energy with virtually no additional expenses and, in the presence of an automated accounting system, to refuse periodic verification of the measured measuring devices and current and voltage transformers. The system for monitoring the reliability of electrical energy accounting at transformer substations has been further developed, which breaks the task at a level and solves them in stages. The developed system allows abandoning the periodic calibration of measured accounting devices and current and voltage transformers.
Correlation Theory of Casual Processes in Electrical Power Problems for Systems of Electric Transport (preprint)
(IEEE, Lviv, 2015) Kostin, Nickolai A.; Mishchenko, Tatyana M.; Shumikhina, Lyudmila
ENG: A new method is proposed for determining the energy indices in electric transport systems, based on the correlation theory of random processes. According to this method, the components of apparent power and power factor are expressed through correlation functions and mathematical expectations of investigated traction voltages and currents. Numerical calculations of active, reactive and apparent power as well as the ratio of reactive power for a traction substation feeder show that the method possesses high accuracy: the error is less than 2%.
Development a Forecasting Method of Friction Pairs Wear of the Current Collection
(Wydawnictwo Instytutu Kolejnictwa, Warszawa, 2017) Antonov, Andrii V.; Bolshakov, Yu. L.; Sychenko, Viktor G.
EN: Development a forecasting method of friction pairs wear of the current collection on electric rail transport.Relevance. The most costly in the operation of the electrified railway transport are maintenance and repair of contact networks and pantographs. The costs magnitude depends of the catenary type, electric rolling stock, materials of the friction pair "contact wire – contact strip" and environment parameters. For today there is no consensus regarding the choice of the pantograph contact strips type for the specific operating conditions of the electric rolling stock. Therefore, the resource elements of the friction pair inefficiently used. A solution to this problem would be to a forecasting method of friction pairs wear of the current collection. Scientific novelty. Developed a method forecasting wear of contact wires and contact strips basis on the of the neural network model. To build a neural network was used the experimental dependences and was taken into account the change pressing force of the pantograph along span of the catenary, current value, current collecting elements type and modify the parameters environment. Practical importance. The proposed method allows to estimate the wear of the contact pair without the necessity for additional bench tests. This will significantly increase the effectiveness of the design new and modernization of already-exploited contact network sections.
Development of a Mathematical Model of the Generalized Diagnostic Indicator on the Basis of Full Factorial Experiment
(Versita, Poland, 2017) Sychenko, Viktor G.; Mironov, Dmytro V.
EN: Purpose. The aim of this work is to develop a mathematical model of the generalized diagnostic indicator of the technical state of traction substations electrical equipment. Methodology. The main tenets of the experiment planning theory, methods of structural-functional and multi-factor analysis, methods of mathematical and numerical modeling have been used to solve the set tasks. Results. To obtain the mathematical model of the generalized diagnostic indicator, a full factorial experiment for DC circuit breaker have been conducted. The plan of the experiment and factors affecting the change of the unit technical condition have been selected. The regression equation in variables coded values and the polynomial mathematical model of the generalized diagnostic indicator of the circuit breaker technical condition have been obtained. On the basis of regression equation analysis the character of influence of circuit breaker diagnostic indicators values on generalized diagnostic indicator changes has been defined. As a result of repeated performances of the full factorial experiment the mathematical models for other types of traction substations power equipment have been obtained. Originality. An improved theoretical approach to the construction of generalized diagnostic indicators mathematical models for main types of traction substations electric equipment with using the methods of experiments planning theory has been suggested. Practical value. The obtained polynomial mathematical models of the generalized diagnostic indicator D can be used for constructing the automated system of monitoring and forecasting of the traction substations equipment technical condition, which allows improving the performance of processing the diagnostic information and ensuring the accuracy of the diagnosis. Analysing and forecasting the electrical equipment technical condition with the using of mathematical models of generalized diagnostic indicator changes process allows constructing the optimal strategy of maintenance and repair based on the actual technical condition of the electrical equipment. This will reduce material and financial costs of maintenance and repair work as well as the equipment downtime caused by planned inspections and repair improving reliability and uptime of electrical equipment.
Development of a Spectral Theory for Analysis of Non-Stationary Pulse Stochastic Electromagnetic Processes in Devices of Electric Transport Systems
(National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute", Kiev, 2019) Szeląg, Adam; Kostin, Mykola O.; Nikitenko, Anatolii; Mishchenko, Tetiana; Jefimowski, Włodzimierz
ENG: A spectral analysis of traction voltages and currents is a basis for estimation of electromagnetic compatibility level and quality of consumed power in electric transport systems. However, such an analysis is usually performed for steady-state modes and only under the condition that the time realization of voltages and currents, being deterministic for continuous quantities, have infinite length. De facto, the electric transport devices operate in non-stationary dynamic modes (starting up, coasting, acceleration, iregenerative braking, stopping, wheel spin, voltage surges, etc.). As a result, the voltage across the traction motors and the current flowing through them are noncontinuous pulsed stochastic processes. It is necessary to add that in emergency modes the voltage and current are short-term single pulses.The paper presents the spectral analysis of such random sequences of pulses as well as their fronts and decays, the concepts of actual and instantaneousspectra. The analytical expressions for amplitudes and the initial phases of k-th harmonics are obtained using the discrete Fourier transformation. The numerical calculations of the spectral composition of stochastic pulse processes of voltage and current were performed for the DE1 and VL8 electric locomotives (Ukraine) as well as for trams operating on the i routes of the city of Dnipro. The actual and instantaneous spectra, as well as the spectra of the full correlation functions and their “tails”, were determined for the electric traction voltages and currents.
Development of an Approach to Ensure Stability of the Traction Direct Current System
(PC "Technology Center", Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport, Kharkov, 2018) Sychenko, Viktor G.; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Kosariev, Yevhen M.; Hubskyi, Petro V.; Belozyorov, Vasiliy Ye.; Zaytsev, Vadym G.; Pulin, Mykola M.
EN: The result of applying the quantitative approach to the calculation of static stability of the traction power system helped us establish that when a train runs along an actual section there emerge zones with lack of stability in terms of voltage. Exact solution to the task of evaluating the stability is extremely difficult because of the need to compute the nonlinear dependences determining the modes of operation of the traction power system and electric rolling stock. In this work, we constructed a system of four autonomous nonlinear differential equations based on experimental data that simulate the behavior of current and voltage in the contact network. We also calculated stability regions for voltage regulators in the traction network, which stabilize voltage at pantographs of electric rolling stock. The obtained stability regions of voltage regulators made it possible to estimate resource of stability and to find the most robust regulators out of those constructed. The study revealed that the non-linear regulator has better robust properties than the linear one. In this case, stability of the linear regulator is very narrow ‒ Δk=0.000004, which is an order of magnitude lower than for the non-linear regulator. When applying the non-linear regulator, voltage in the contact network stabilizes 3 times faster regardless of the place of its location. Application of the devised approach would make it possible to calculate the stability regions for various schematics of the traction network in the implementation of high-speed motion and to narrow the range of voltage fluctuations. The developed dynamic model of power consumption processes, as well as the voltage regulator, could be used when constructing an intelligent, adaptive traction power system for high-speed motion.
Development of Methods for Optimizing Reactive Power Modes Based on Neural Network Technologies
(National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute", Kiev, 2019) Sayenko, Yuriy; Sychenko, Viktor; Liubartsev, Vadym
EN: The high cost of electric power, as well as the considerable length and branching of electrical networks, necessitate reduce electric power consumption, and losses in electrical networks. One of solutions of this problem is optimizing the reactive power mode. Reducing the reactive power factor at the point of common coupling (PCC) to the economic level established by the power system is not taking into account that in a complex network, power flows with a non-optimal arrangement of compensating devices and improper determination of their power can reach large values, that resulting in an increase in losses in the network. A program has been developed that implements prediction algorithms using neural networks, as well as optimizing the reactive power mode.
The Effect of Ozone on Wet Atmospheric Corrosion of Aluminium of High-Voltage Lines
(Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, 2019) Tatarchenko, Galina; Beloshitskaya, Nataliia; Sychenko, Viktor H.; Liashuk, Vitalii M.
EN: Annotation. One of the factors influencing traffic safety is the uninterrupted power supply of interlocking devices. As a rule transmission of electric energy is carried out using aluminum wires. In order to assess the reliability of power lines in the work, research was carried out on the influence of ozone on corrosion of aluminum in a humid atmosphere and acidic medium. It was found that the presence of oxygen dissolved in acetic acid leads to anode currents increase, while at crossover ozone, cathode currents increase by an order of magnitude and 2-3 times the anode decreases; the corrosion potential of an Ecor shifts to the positive side at 0.15V. The decrease in the density of anode currents in the presence of ozone proceeds due to the growth of the thickness of the aluminum oxide film. According to the Augerspectra, the film is increased by 3-4 times compared with the nonzonized medium, due to which the corrosion resistance of aluminum Кm increases from 0.066 to 0.025 g/(m2∙h). The rate of formation of oxides depends on the concentration of oxidants in the solution, and on their oxidative activity. According to calculations of thermodynamic factors that determine the preferred route of oxidation, the probability of formation of oxides in the presence of ozone is significantly higher. Local destruction of the protective layer occurs mainly in defective places and places of local increase in pH of the electrode layer. Investigation of the cyclic polarization of a sample of aluminum, pre-cathode activated by a current of 1 mA/cm2 density, showed the presence of hysteresis, which decreases in the next 2-3 cycles. In this case, the exterior of the aluminum shifts to (0.10 ÷ 0.15) V is more positive and the corrosion rate is reduced, which indicates the formation of an oxide film in which irreversible changes occur. The change in the inclination of the polarization curves indicates that the cathodic reaction is delayed and is associated with the change in the structure of the surface layer of the electrode and the diffusion restrictions of ozone recovery.
Efficiency of Energy Storage Control in the Electric Transport Systems
(Politechnika Warszawska; Instytut Transportu, Poland, 2022) Sablin, Oleg I.; Bosyi, Dmytro O.; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Lewczuk, K.; Kebal, Ivan; Myamlin, Sergiy S.
ENG: The problems of storage and supplying the energy, together with reducing energy intensity for transport, are now crucial for developing sustainable and reliable transport systems. The energy network must be gradually adapted to new loads and power consumption patterns, especially in railways. The article aims to develop the simulation model to investigate the energy storage systems in its use in the electric transport infrastructure. The authors review selected technical solutions for electric energy storage in transport. The theoretical aspects of energy exchange in the energy storage systems were presented as a base for a continuous simulation model of electric transport power supply. In the non-periodic random voltage input applied to the storage unit, it is proposed to use the calculation method based on the Duamel integral to analyze its charge-discharge processes. The resistance functions were applied to analyze the traction power supply mode with variable in time and space by active loads. The simulation showed that the direct connection of the unit to the traction network significantly reduces the traction energy consumption.
The Efficiency of Using Artificial Feedforward Neural Networks with a Single Hidden Layer of Eight Neurons for the Analysis of Overload Conditions of Selected Tramway Traction Substations
(Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków, 2018) Dudzik, Marek; Prusak, Janusz; Drapik, Sławomir; Kuznetsov, Valeriy
EN: This paper presents further results of research on the load variability of rectifier units for the selected tram traction substation. Actual measurements were used in the performed analysis. This time, the analysis was focused on the characteristics of maximum loads and overloads for time periods of five minutes and sixty minutes, for a number of selected cases. The second part of the article discusses the effectiveness of the use of artificial neural networks of the feedforward type with one hidden layer with eight neurons to analyse the overloads of the traction substation over a longer time scale. The obtained positive results indicate that this type of research should be continued, using different variants of artificial neural networks.
Electrodynamics of Power Losses in the Devices of Inter-Substation Zones of AC Electric Traction Systems
(MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, 2022) Nikitenko, Anatolii V.; Kostin, Mykola O.; Mishchenko, Tatyana M.; Hoholyuk, Oksana
ENG: This article presents a new method for the estimation of active power losses based on a “field” approach, i.e., on the theory of the electromagnetic field and the theory of propagation of electromagnetic waves in a dielectric medium. Electromagnetic waves are assumed to transmit energy from the traction substation to electric rolling stock through the airspace of the inter-substation zone (i.e., not through the wires of the traction network) and meet electrically conductive surfaces on their way. The waves are partially reflected from the surfaces and partially penetrate them, thus creating thermal losses, the determination of which is the main task of this article. The analytical expressions for specific losses of active power are obtained by solving the system of Maxwell’s equations. Calculations of specific power losses in the catenary, rails, roofs, and bottoms of carriages and electric locomotives are performed. Power losses in carriages and electric locomotives are found to be at least 7%. A comparative assessment of the magnitude of total power losses of different types obtained by the “field” and “circuit” approaches is provided, which has established that “conditional” losses correspond to losses in rails, train carriages, and electric locomotives.
Embedded AI for Audio-Based Drone Detection in Critical Railway Infrastructure
(Silesian University of Technology, Poland, 2025) Bosyi, Dmytro O.; Sablin, Oleh I.; Potapchuk, Iryna Yu.; Usenko, Andrii Yu.
ENG: Summary. With the increasing threat of unmanned aerial vehicles to critical railway infrastructure, the need for advanced detection technologies has become more urgent. This paper reviews existing railway monitoring solutions and outlines their limitations in identifying aerial threats. An acoustic analysis is conducted to extract distinctive unmanned aerial vehicle sound patterns using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, which serve as primary features for classification. Neural network models are applied to detect and differentiate aerial threats from environmental noise, achieving high recognition accuracy. The study also describes the development of an embedded artificial intelligence system based on STM32 microcontrollers, which combines real-time digital signal processing with efficient on-device neural inference. This solution offers a scalable and energy-efficient platform for decentralized audio-based drone detection in railway security applications.
Energy Characteristics of the DC Distributed Power Supply Systems
(University of Žilina, Slovakia, 2021) Sychenko, Viktor G.; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Rojek, Artur; Hubskyi, Petro V.; Kosariev, Yevhen M.
EN: Currently the circuit technology of the DC traction power supply system cannot provide the necessary requirements for introduction of high-speed traffic. Numbers of measures and tools have been developed to improve the traction lines that no longer meet current requirements. One of the most promising means for strengthening the traction DC lines is transition to the distributed power supply of the rolling stock. In this article, a comparative analysis was carried out of energy indicators of the classic centralized power system and distributed power systems with use of one aggregate traction substation and with use of the solar generators. That comparative analysis of these systems was performed on a simulation model with the same parameters of the traction line and rolling stock.
Energy Efficient Distributed DC Traction Power Supply System
(Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, 2019) Bialon, А.; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Sychenko, Viktor H.; Hubskyi, Petro V.
EN: Abstract. The classical systems of centralized power supply do not allow to provide the necessary conditions for the introduction of high-speed traffic on existing lines. Voltage values both on the buses of the traction substation and in the traction lines have a significant range of oscillations. Having a significant reserve of installed aggregate power at traction substations in Ukraine, there are no means of voltage modes regulation in the traction lines. Existing foreign and Ukrainian means for increasing of the energy efficiency of ОС traction power supply systems require significant capital investments and do not take into account the peculiarities of the organization of high-speed traffic. Therefore, it is ology of distributed power supply with the maximum use of existing infrastructure, taking into account the features of the high-speed trains load.
Energy Efficient Modes of Distribution Power Supply Systems with Different Vector Group of Transformer
(National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute", 2019) Zemskyi, Denys R.; Bosyi, Dmytro O.
EN: The article is devoted to the experiment, what was performed on the local distribution networks with poort power quality. As a rule, these networks are subsystem of AC traction power supply system, and their design causes voltage unbalance and other power quality problems in consumers.Often, the network is powered by transformers with different vector groups, therefore their parallel operation is impossible. The purpose of the experiment is to assess the effect on energyquality of a regime with sources on both sides. The quality of electrical energy was estimated, considerable attention is devoted to unbalance voltage. Using the statistics methods measurement data are studied. During the experiment, the energy quality improved when the parallel mode was used. The tconcept of smart grid has been proposed to reduce energy losses for dynamic power management.
Energy of Low-Temperature Plasma in the Processes of Thermal Conversions of Carboncontaining Medium
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2022) Bulat, Anatolii; Kholiavchenko, Leonid; Oparin, Serhii; Davydov, Serhii; Zhevzhyk, Oleksandr V. ; Potapchuk, Iryna Yu.
ENG: One alternative for solving negative environmental impact is to use alternative renewable energy sources. However, technology is evolving and nowadays it cannot meet the needs of emerging economies. A promising direction in the field of clean technologies is the preliminary preparation of carbon-containing media of various origins by thermoconverting them into a gaseous state in high temperature fields. The analysis of the existing autothermal and allottermic technologies of gasification of carbonaceous media is given in the work. The advantages of allottermic technologies of high-temperature transformations under the action of arc plasma with steam oxidizing medium are presented. This method includes plasma formation processes, which combine in time and space thermal transformations and the generation of oxidant from water. The results of theoretical studies of the carbon-containing media plasma transformation process is presented in the article. The regularities of the temperature of steam-plasma transformation process influence on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the obtained gas phase taking into account the medium elemental composition are established. Comparison of the cost indicators of production of synthetic motor fuel from natural gas by the known companies and from coal by steam-plasma conversion to gas is carried out.
Improvement of the Regenerating Energy Accounting System on the Direct Current Railways
(Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa, Poland, 2015) Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Sablin, Oleg I.; Chornaya, Alenka V.
EN: Purpose. Monitoring of current state of quantitative indices of regenerative energy in the suburban movement, the analysis of the factors influencing its volumes and improvement the principles of the train regenerative energy accounting on the basis of it. Relevance. Development of effective measures of increase the regeneration efficiency of the electric power in system of electric traction demands comprehensive completeness of information on quantitative indices of regeneration energy volumes at all possible levels of its analysis, in particular on the corresponding sections of RS movement that will allow to establish the influence on the level of regeneration of various factors, such as parameters of traction power supply and the organization of train service. As the existing system of the regenerative energy accounting does not allow to consider the specified factors, development of the principles for increasing the efficiency of the analysis of volumes of return energy to a contact line during regenerative braking on DC rolling stock is the actual direction of researches. Collective monitoring of regeneration energy volumes by specialists of locomotive service, power supply and traffic operating departments will be essentially new approach to definition of real factors and taking effective decisions for increasing of using of regenerative energy. Scientific novelty. It’s offered to consider the influence on quantitative indices of regenerative energy the parameters of traction power supply and the organization (sizes) of traffic service on sections. Practical importance. Increasing the efficiency of the regeneration energy accounting is an important element in drawing up the balance of energy for electric traction system, development of the effective methods for improvement of the conditions of regeneration in it and in estimation of its power indicators in general.
Improving the Control Method of Energy Losses in Contact Line
(Instytut Kolejnictwa, Warszawa, 2015) Kirilyuk, Tatiana I.
EN: Purpose. Today energy losses in contact line are determined by calculation, but this method gives approximate values. It is proved that it is more effective control of the energy losses in contact line using indirect methods, but existing methods give the error of 7,5%. It is necessary to improve the control method of energy losses in contact line by taking into account additional factors. Methods. The method of integral and matrix calculus used to develop a mathematical model for determining energy losses coefficient. Theory of experiment planning used for development a regression. The Results. Regression equations of the second order for determining energy losses coefficient for areas of direct and alternating currents were received on the basis of full factorial experiment. Character of energy losses coefficient was defined, the limits of its changes were set and recommendations of its regulations were provided on the basis of the Monte Carlo method. An experimental confirmation of the results was done. It showed that the proposed improved method reduces error in the determination of energy losses. Scientific novelty. For the fi rst time, an analytical expression for estimating energy losses coefficient, which takes into account the number of trains on the zone between traction substations was found. This allows determining energy losses in contact line more accurately. First established the law of the statistical distribution of the energy losses coefficient, which makes it possible to evaluate its limits and advice on regulations change it. Practical significance. The method of determination of the loss factor, which takes into account additional factors was found. This makes it possible to reduce the taking into account error of loss of 2,1% as compared with the existing indirect method.
Improving the Efficiency of the Heating System for Public Buildings Infrastructure in the Context of DNURT
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Kuznetsov, Valeriy; Yatsenko, Dmytro K.; Gabrіnets, Volodymyr O.
EN: Purpose. The paper analyses the possibility and terms of increasing the efficiency of heating and ventilation systems of public buildings at the present stage of development and the specific climatic conditions of Ukraine. The main purpose is to develop specific measures for public buildings, which will lead to a significant reduction in energy costs for heating and air conditioning system. The example is similar system of DNURT compact campus, which is heated with its own autonomous boiler that uses natural gas. Methodology. The statistical heat loss analysis for the last 5 years allows defining the types and calculating the heat loss values for specific conditions. These losses are compared with those in the world practice and based on the comparison and analysis of the current system there are offered the ways to reduce the heat loss values through the use of various technical and organizational methods. The paper also proposes involvement for this purpose of secondary and alternative energy sources. The secondary energy resources include the heat that is emitted by people and that coming out with the air during ventilation of buildings. The renewable sources include solar and geothermal energy. To enhance the heat transfer medium temperature capacity it is proposed to use the heat pumps. Findings. The maximum possible use of the proposed measures and implementation of rational schematic and engineering solutions for heat and hot water supply systems cam reduce the energy loss for heating and hot water by 30-35%. Originality. The paper for the first time proposed the use of new integrated approaches to maintain the desired heat balance in the winter period, as well as the new schematic solutions for heating and ventilation systems, both in winter and in summer, based on the use of heat pumps and secondary energy resources. Practical value. The introduction of the proposed schematic solutions and approaches demand relatively small capital investments and do not require significant reconstruction of already installed systems.
Improving the Quality of Voltage in the System of Traction Power Supply of Direct Current
(Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Transport, Warszawa, 2015) Sychenko, Viktor H.; Bosiy, Dmytro O.; Kosariev, Yevhen M.
EN: Purpose of the work is improved approaches to ensure the required quality parameters of voltage in the traction network based on modern technologies and equipment in the application of power distribution system. Actuality. The introduction of high-speed traffic, increase weight standards of train necessitates increasing the carrying capacity of railways. Often the carrying capacity of existing sections electrified at 3.0 kV DC power supply unit limits. Such limitations include voltage decrease on the electric current collector below the allowable value for the normal operation of 2700 (2900 for high-speed V) and heating the contact wires, thereby losing their mechanical strength. Existing power supply system of RS, which have considerable installed traction substations, can not provide the required level of power density traction network for highspeed movement within 1.5 - 2 MW / km and, respectively, the required voltage quality. At the same time, the daily loading of a powerful traction substations in providing intensive schedule of trains does not exceed 20- 25%, while the energy loss in traction network peak load increases and reaches 10-15% of the energy consumed. Thus, the existing system of power traction networks is not sufficiently effective and economical, even with the application of existing methods to strengthen them. In our view, the main limiting factor for a given quality of voltage in the traction network is the use of centralized power. From this, the development of measures to improve the quality of voltage in the traction network in the implementation of high-speed traffic in a growing scarcity of energy resources is an urgent task. Scientific novelty. Using distributed power supply system with adjustable supply points combined into intelligent power supply, which enables adaptive change the characteristics of the transfer, conversion and consumption and optimize the mode of functioning of the traction power supply is suggested for improving the quality of voltage in the traction network in the implementation of high-speed and heavy traffic. Practical significance. Improving the quality of voltage in the traction network by using the proposed circuit design traction power supply will ensure the desired mode voltage and power characteristics of the traction network in the implementation of high-speed and heavy traffic while reducing electricity losses by 20-30%.
Inactive Power in Electric-Traction DC Transport Systems
(Revijo izdaja Elektrotehniška zveza Slovenije, 2022) Kostin, Mykola O.; Mishchenko, Tetiana; Hoholyuk, Oksana
ENG: The paper presents a theoretical background to determine the inactive power consumption features, i.e. the reactive power according to S. Fryze approach of the electric transport systems. Traction electric circuits of transport facilities of electric locomotives, feeder traction substations and city trams used in Ukraine demonstrate three features of the reactive power. According to the classical method, the inequality between the active and total power indicates the presence of the reactive power. The second feature is the time variation of an instantaneous impedance or instantaneous conductivity. The third is the inequality between the instantaneous reactive power to zero and the nature of its sign throughout the time of the electric power system consumption. The reactive power consumption gives rise to considerable additional power losses in the electric traction transport systems.
Increased Controllability of the Distributed Traction System in Emergency Mode
(IEEE, 2020) Sychenko, Viktor G.; Antonov, Andrii V.; Liashuk, Vitalij; Rudevich, Nataliia; Belukhin, Dmitry; Danylov, Oleksiy; Kosariev, Yevhen; Bozhko, Vladimir
EN: The puprose of the work is to improve approaches to the controllability of power consumption in distributed power systems of electric rolling stock using modern technologies and equipment. Unequal energy consumption on the shoulders of the power supply causes additional losses in the system and makes the voltage mode worse on the current collectors of electric locomotives. To increase the controllability of operation modes, is proposed to use feeder volt-additional converters with arcless commutation of short-circuit currents. Using such converters allow to stabilize the voltage on the current collectors of electric locomotives and reduce the switching-off time. Variant calculations using the proposed circuit engineering of traction substations on the simulation model prove that the power losses from the equalizing currents are significantly reduced
Increasing Power Supply Efficiency for “Two Wire-Rail” Line Consumers
(Instytut Kolejnictwa, Warszawa, 2020) Bosyi, Dmytro O.; Zemskyi, Denys R.
EN: The article is devoted to the problem of non-traction consumers power supply of AC railways. Th e low efficiency of energy transfer is caused by the design of a non-traction power supply line. Th e absence of bilateral power is typical for non-traction network 27,5 kV which consist of “two wire-rail” lines. This line is outdated technology, which does not correspond to modern requirements on the power quality, but used on AC railways with three-phase traction transformers. The purpose of the article is to investigate the methods of power supply improvements for non-traction consumers in terms of voltage unbalance, harmonic distortions and energy losses. Connection of the phasing device to delta winding traction transformer for bilateral supplying non-traction customers from network 27,5 kV is suggested in the article. The implementation of a method to increase the efficiency of electricity transmission in the non-traction network power supply allows to reduce power losses from 720 MWh / year to 441 MWh / year, the voltage unbalance from 1,9% to 1,3% and the total harmonic distortion from 8 % to 6 % respectively. Additionally, investment attractiveness of the decision was evaluated.
Influence Hot Plastic Deformation on the Structure and Properties of Carbon Steel of the Railway Wheel
(Politechnika Śląska, 2023) Vakulenko, Ihor O.; Plitchenko, Serhii; Bolotova, Daria M.; Asgarov, Khangardash
ENG: The study is devoted to the explanation of the influence of hot plastic deformation on the properties of railway wheels. The shape of individual elements of the wheel provides for a different degree of hot compression, which determines the mechanism for the development of the recrystallization at austenite. With a decrease in the degree of the hot deformation, a certain proportion of grains with a low energy of linear stretching are formed in austenite. As a result, of the low mobility of such boundaries, the likelihood of preservation of part of the substructural state of the austenite increases, which should affect the formation of a colony of perlite during the cooling of the carbon steel. Against background preservation and a dependence of strength properties on the dispersion of the pearlite colony, the appearance in austenite of grain boundaries with a low energy of linear tension leads to a qualitative change in the plastic properties of railway wheel steel. The increase in plasticity of carbon steel with an increase in dispersion of the pearlite colony is due to a decrease in the effect of solid solution hardening and an increase in the role of the ferrite-cementite interface in the development processes of strain hardening carbon steel. The results obtained can be useful for improving the technology of manufacturing all-rolled railway wheels.
Influence of Hot Plastic Deformation on Properties of the Carbon Steel
(Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine, 2024) Vakulenko, Ihor O.; Plitchenko, Serhii O.
ENG: Purpose. Determination of the influence of hot plastic deformation degree on the set of carbon steel properties. Methodology. Steel with 0.6 % carbon was used for the study. The steel structure corresponded to the state after compression at 1,240 °C. Mechanical properties were determined by the tensile curve, friction stress of the ferrite crystal lattice and resistance of interphase boundary pearlite to propagation of deformation were estimated. Findings. Depending on the structural state of austenite, dispersion of pearlite colonies is accompanied by different rates of change in the properties of carbon steel. For pearlite formed from austenite after annealing, the strain hardening coefficient and maximum ductility are inversely proportional. For pearlite formed from austenite with preserved substructure after hot deformation, the strain hardening coefficient and maximum ductility are related through the proportional relationship. Originality. Preservation of the substructure of hot-deformed austenite affects propagation deformation in pearlite of the steel. Against the background of decreasing friction stress of the ferrite crystal lattice, there is an increase in resistance of ferrite-cementite boundary of the pearlite to the spread of deformation. Practical value. For carbon steels with a pearlite structures, the accelerated increase in ductility from maintaining the proportion of hot work hardening of the austenite will improve technology for manufacturing rolled products of large sections. When producing thermally strengthened rolled products, achieving a simultaneous increase in strength and plastic properties is ensured by increasing ability of metal to strain hardening.
Influence of the Leakage in Air Supply Networks on the Efficiency of Application of Pneumatic Backfill Equipment
(Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, 2023) Ponomarenko, Serhii; Potapchuk, Iryna Yu.; Zhevzhyk, Oleksandr V.; Kabakova, Liudmyla; Potapchuk, Anna
ENG: Purpose. Determining the influence of the degree of pneumatic energy losses in the non-hermetic air supply network on the efficiency of using installed equipment in the pneumatic method of waste utilization from mining and beneficiation of minerals. To achieve this purpose, a tightness control device was developed using the method of fixed volumes. Methods. Using the molecular-kinetic theory of gases, the thermodynamics and hydrodynamics laws, the characteristics of an open thermodynamic system under excess pressure and with a degree of a capillary-type leakage are investigated. Pneumatic energy losses in the pneumatic supply pipeline are determined by the mass of compressed air leaked due to its poor tightness. Findings. The peculiarities of the tightness control of hollow products by the method of fixed volumes have been summarized. The dependences of non-production losses of compressed air and the corresponding pressure drop on the geometric characteristics of the air supply pipeline, the leakage in supply pipeline, and the time of assessing the degree of leakage have been determined. Originality. For the first time, the relationship between the parameters of compressed air in an open thermodynamic system under excess pressure during air leakage and its heat exchange with the environment has been revealed. The influence of compressed air leakage in air supply networks on the efficiency of using vibration-pneumatic machines with an annular ejector in backfill technologies has been determined. Practical implications. The research results can be used to improve the existing or develop the new technological schemes of air supply equipment that use pneumatic energy at mining and metallurgical enterprises. Minimization of energy consumption can significantly expand the scope of application of pneumatic backfilling method.