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3D Modeling of Biological Wastewater Treatment in Aeration Tank
(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2020) Biliaiev, Mykola M.; Lemesh, Maksym V.; Gunko, Olena Y.; Zadoia, Viacheslav O.; Mashykhina, Polina B.; Yakubovska, Zinaida M.
ENG: Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to develop a 3D CFD model for modeling the process of biological wastewater treatment in an aeration tank. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the process of biological wastewater treatment in the reactor, taking into account the flow hydrodynamics, geometric shape of the aeration tank, convective-diffusion transfer of the substrate and activated sludge, a 3D CFD model was built. The model is based on the three-dimensional equation of motion of an ideal liquid and the equation of mass conservation for the substrate, activated sludge. The field of sewage flow rate in the aeration tank is calculated based on the velocity potential equation. The process of biological transformation of the substrate is calculated on the basis of the Monod model. The splitting scheme was used for numerical integration of the equations of convective-diffusion transfer of activated sludge and substrate. The splitting is carried out in such a way to take into account the transfer of substrate (activated sludge) in only one direction at each step of splitting. The calculation of the unknown value of the substrate (activated sludge) concentration is carried out according to an explicit scheme. The Richardson method is used to numerically integrate the three-dimensional equation for the velocity potential, and the unknown value of the velocity potential is calculated by an explicit formula. Euler's method is used for numerical integration of equations describing the process of substrate transformation and change in activated sludge concentration (Monod model). Findings. The software implementation of the constructed 3D CFD model is carried out. A description of the structure of the developed software package is provided. The results of a computer experiment to study the process of wastewater treatment in an aeration tank with additional elements are presented. Originality. A new multifactor 3D CFD model has been developed, which allows quick assessing the efficiency of biological treatment in an aeration tank. Practical value. The constructed 3D CFD model can be used to analyze the efficiency of the aeration tank under different operating conditions at the stage of sketch design of wastewater treatment systems.
Algorithm for Choosing a Cost-Effective Tourist Railway Route
(Printing House “Technologija”, Kaunas, Lithuania, 2024) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Severino, Alessandro; Keršys, Robertas; Neduzha, Larysa
ENG: Railway transport is one of the most competitive modes of transport. To provide high-quality transportation for passengers, railways require various types of resources, particularly, financial ones. A significant part of the financial resources of railways can also be obtained from tourist activities. Therefore, the article presents an algorithm for choosing a cost-effective tourist route by railway transport. Thanks to the algorithm, it is possible to ensure the maximum net present value with the established system of requirements for railway activity.
Analysis of Innovative Forms of Work Organization and Their Impact on Personnel Performance
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, 2026) Charkina, Tatyana Yu.; Sarakhman, Larysa
ENG: From the standpoint of risk analysis and the concept of safety, the authors propose a new interpretation of critical members. Their performance determines the level of losses during the operation of mechanical systems. Therefore, it is advantageous to make critical members from high-strength steels that are sensitive to most influencing factors. Elements made of high-strength steels suffer from cyclic load with high stress ratio. In this aspect, cylindrical samples of heat-treated 09Cr16Ni4Nb and 13Cr15Ni4Мо3 steels were tested for tensile fatigue. The test results were presented in the form of a lifetime equation. Smith diagrams in coordinates were obtained by simple transformations from lifetime equation. These graphs showed a slightly anomalous concave shape instead of the expected convex shape. This indicates a loss of sensitivity to mean stress at high stress ratio. The authors explain this phenomenon from the standpoint of the merging of fatigue and fracture mechanics concept. Interestingly, a similar form was obtained for the graph of the dependence of the critical cyclical SIF on stress ratio. That is, the sensitivity of cyclic toughness to the value of the stress ratio decreases as it increases.
Analysis of The Influence of Rolling Stock on Infrastructure Facilities as a Factor of Management of the Economic Efficiency of Transport Construction Enterprises
(ТОВ «ДКС Центр», Київ, 2023) Kalinichenko, Lyudmila L.; Mishchenko, Maksym I.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Pikulina, Olena V.
ENG: Purpose. The article examines the impact of various types of rolling stock, both retrospective, current, and prospective, on infrastructure objects of railway transport, the study of influencing factors will allow to estimate the scope of work on the restoration of such objects, and this will be the basis for the formation of economic indicators of the production program of transport enterprises construction In this way, it will be possible to influence the economic efficiency of the activities of such enterprises, rationally using their production capacities, taking into account the specifics of the performance of individual works at infrastructure facilities. The purpose of the article is to study the potential for increasing the economic efficiency of transport construction enterprises due to the streamlining and rational long-term planning of the production program of their activities, the main elements of which are the elimination of the accumulated wear and tear of infrastructure objects due to the negative impact of rolling stock of various types during operation. Research methodology involves the use of methods: general scientific methods (abstraction and concretization, induction and deduction, analogy), theoretical research (descent from abstract to concrete), empirical research (comparison, observation), synthesis, analysis, etc. The relevance of solving the scientific problem defined in the article is that JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" strives to improve the operational indicators of its activity due to the development of the rolling stock fleet and its operational indicators, and the restraining factor is the infrastructure facilities, which according to their technical condition, primarily due to wear and tear, do not allow to use the operational potential to the full extent. It is at this stage that JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" should pay attention to the efficiency of transport construction enterprises, the purpose of which is to bring the condition of infrastructure facilities to the required operational level. This will allow to optimize the maintenance costs of such facilities and increase the economic efficiency of transport construction enterprises. The results of the study are as follows: the results of the study on determining the main factors affecting the volume and structure of works of transport construction enterprises are presented. The originality and practical value of the research lies in the fact that the article systematizes existing areas of negative impact of rolling stock on infrastructure objects, which directly affects the volume and structure of works of transport construction enterprises, which allows rational management of the economic efficiency of their activities. The conclusions of the study are as follows: the results of the study on the analysis of the impact of rolling stock on infrastructure objects proposed in the work will allow to improve, in the end, the management of the economic efficiency of the activities of transport construction enterprises. The results of the conducted research can be useful for the enterprises of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", which, due to their functional purpose, have to perform works on the elimination of wear and tear of infrastructure facilities in order to improve the operational activities of railway transport.
Anti-Crisis Management of Passenger Transport as a Factor of Increasing Railway Competitiveness
(Національний технічний університет «Дніпровська політехніка», Дніпро, 2020) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Orlovskaya, Oleksandra V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Carra, A. O.
ENG: Methods. To conduct research, the following methods were used: competition, SWOT analysis, mathematical analysis, marketing models, the PEST analysis method, the decision-making method, the Kaizen approach to achieve a high degree of quality of a product or service, as well as systems approach. Results. The article proves the expediency of applying anti-crisis management of passenger transportation as a factor of increasing the competitiveness of the railway. The analysis of the development of the transport services market has shown that rail transport is gradually losing its passengers, in favor of air and road transport. The management of «Ukrzaliznytsia» has recently made many steps to improve the competitiveness of railway passenger transportation in the domestic market of transport services, but these measures are not sufficient today to restore the lost positions that the railway had before. In order to increase the level of competitiveness of railway passenger transportation, as well as to develop a larger segment in the transport services market, the following tasks are identified: to conduct research and analysis of factors affecting the current situation in the service market, to analyze the advantages of existing potential competitors in the transport services market, to analyze the experience of passenger transportation in the European Union, to develop measures that can be proposed to «Ukrzaliznytsia» to improve the efficiency of passenger services and generate additional profit. Novelty. Areas of crisis management to improve the efficiency of passenger transport are proposed, namely: the development of railway tourism, the introduction of a system of discounts «bonus ticket», the creation of a railway hub, implementation of Kaizen approach to achieve a high level of quality services, the organization of multimodal passenger transport by «travel card». Practical value. The implementation of the proposed measures and strategies will allow «Ukrzaliznytsia» to identify promising mechanisms for managing the passenger complex in the context of an escalating crisis. All these measures will help «Ukrzaliznytsia» to get out of the crisis and get additional profit for the passenger industry.
Anti-Crisis Marketing of Railway Engineering Enterprises
(Дніпровський державний університет внутрішніх справ, 2024) Galushko, Olena; Kovalenko-Marchenkova, Yevheniia; Chernova, Nataliia S.; Ciobanu, G.
ENG: The purpose of the article is to study the specifics and develop measures of anti-crisis marketing of railway engineering enterprises. The relevance of anti-crisis marketing of railway engineering enterprises lies in the need to effectively respond to changes in the economic environment, competitive pressure and changes in demand for products that arise during crisis situations. The role of anti-crisis marketing in the anti-crisis management of enterprises is to ensure effective interaction with other functional units, operational analysis of the market situation and making strategic decisions to overcome crisis phenomena. The main functions of anti-crisis marketing are the analysis of market trends, forecasting changes in demand, development of strategies for maintaining and developing market position. The main tasks of anti-crisis marketing are to ensure the stability of sales, maintain customer loyalty, optimize marketing costs and increase the competitiveness of the enterprise. To achieve the goals of anti-crisis marketing of railway engineering enterprises, it is proposed to use such methods as: diversification of products and sales markets; flexible pricing; market and competitor monitoring using benchmarking; active use of digital marketing; implementation of СRM (customer relations management).
Comparison of Tourist Traffic by Railway and Automobile Transport and Methodical Approach to Determining the Costs of Such Transportations
(НВП ПП «Технологічний Центр», Харків, 2017) Barash, Yuriy S.; Hnennyi, Oleh M.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: The article aims to systematize the advantages and disadvantages of railway and automobile tourism and develop efficient areas of their use in this context. Moreover, the authors set a goal to develop a methodical approach to determine the costs of the company that will organize transportations on the specific tourist route. Studies have shown that tourist traffic by railway transport has high potential, provided that it will use modern comfortable rolling stock and have in its structure not only the cars for tourist transportation, but also dining car, casino car, disco car (during the day game car for kids) and others. The above mentioned set of cars should be recommended for cruise travel with a period from 8 to 28 days, for shorter journeys the tourist train may not include casino car, disco car (during the day game car for kids) and others. The final choice of tourist traffic should be justified by economic calculations using the method proposed by this article. The approach is based on accounting all complex of costs associated with the technological process of tourism services. It includes the costs for the process of transportation itself, delivery of additional services of infrastructure and rolling stock owners, pay for transfer transportations, services of hotels, restaurants, cafes, travel agencies, advertising organizations and own costs of travel company. It makes possible to determine the costs of travel package more accurately, taking into account the demand for this type of tourist traffic.
The Concept of Anthropotechnics in the Social and Humanitarian Dimension
(Український державний університет науки і технологій, Дніпро, 2024) Bazhan, Serhii P. ; Chernova, Nataliia S.
ENG: Purpose. This research defines the conceptual foundations of anthropotechnics as a science that studies modern processes of interaction between humans and technologies in the socio-humanitarian dimension. Theoretical basis. The authors use the method of anthropological analysis, which allows generalizing the approaches of anthropotech-nics in the socio-cultural context in the "human-technology" system. Originality. Based on the results of the re-search, the understanding of the essence of anthropotechnics as a science that studies human interaction with tech-nologies and technical systems has been clarified. The idea of implementing anthropotechnical approaches to the management of the educational process gained further development, in particular in the context of practical training of applicants for education, distance learning, and dual education forms. The concept of professional activity and professional self-realization of the individual is taken into account, and promising directions in the development of anthropotechnics in the context of the application of artificial intelligence are determined. Conclusions. Considering anthropotechnics in a philosophical and sociocultural dimension is an important approach to understanding the in-teraction of technologies, people, and society as a whole, where technologies affect human perception of the world and interaction with it. The range of approaches chosen by the authors, the disclosure of their principles and catego-ries allows for considering the object of this research – anthropotechnics as a modern science – in a multifaceted and holistic way, to interpret the results of the research based on the use of the basic categories of approaches: a person, equipment, technology, activity, development, personality, system.
Congruent Approach to Marketing Management of Railway Transport Development
(Український державний університет залізничного транспорту, Харків, 2024) Zadoia, Viacheslav O.
ENG: The article proves that digitalization is now a key mega-trend that determines the development of enterprises, industries and national economies of the world. Digital transformations continue, which radically changes not only the external and internal business processes of railway transport, but also the consciousness and preferences of consumers of transport and logistics services, complicates the operating conditions of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" and requires rapid adaptation to the transformed environment. It will prove that in these conditions, marketing management should be considered a key element in the process of ensuring the development of railway transport. In order to overcome the current problems of railway transport, changes in each element of the Marketing Management System (general economic, marketing, managerial) were studied. We will especially focus on the latest trends in marketing communications that have emerged under the influence of environmental transformations. Based on the research of recent publications on this topic, we identified areas that will be relevant in the coming years in Ukraine and in the world. They are: data-based communication management (big date); continuous segmentation of consumers and the market; omni-channel; event virtualization; marketing technologies (Martech); request for business trust; streaming shopping; social responsibility; experimental marketing; maximum consistency of actions of marketing and sales teams. It is established that under the influence of digitalization, a personified transformation of individual elements of marketing management of railway transport is currently taking place, which created the basis for solving local problems, but this did not allow for positive changes in the entire railway transport economy. Haphazard, isolated, and sometimes contradictory management actions within the components of marketing management have created a significant obstacle to the formation of competitive railway transport that is not able to provide positive changes in the national economy. It is proved that the congruent approach can be the basis for overcoming these negative trends. It will allow us to form a fundamentally new conceptual field for the formation and implementation of the sectoral policy for the development of railway transport in Ukraine. Conceptual provisions for applying a congruent approach to marketing management of railway transport development are proposed.
Definition of Principles of Tourist Traffic Organization on Narrow-Gauge Railways
(НВП ПП «Технологічний Центр», Харків, 2017) Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Hnennyi, Oleh M.; Bozhok, Nataliia O.
ENG: The article aims are: to design an optimal the classification of narrow-gauge transfers and tourist travels depending on the travel purpose, type of rolling stock, travel term, and the service areas; to determine factors that play main role for the development of tourist traffic on the narrow gauges; to develop a methodological approach that is based on the principle of determining the actual number of passengers and revenues from tourist transportations on the certain routes. The methodical approach to determining the cost of tourist traffic by railway and road transport was further developed. This approach is based on the principle of determining the actual number of passengers and revenues from tourist transportations on the certain routes. It was taken into account the attractiveness of the route, price for tourist vouchers or travel tickets, minimization of the rolling stock number and the cost of construction and income of the company. Moreover, the authors set a goal to develop a methodical approach to determine the costs of the company that will organize transportations on the specific tourist route.
Determination of Factors Influencing the Development of Tourist Transport
(Федеральный центр науки и образования Эвенсис, Нижний Новгород, 2019) Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: The article examines the problems of development of tourist transport in modern conditions, discusses ways to solve them.
Development of P2P Lending in Term of Crisis
(Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Dnipro, Ukraine, 2021) Batmanghlich, Cameron A.; Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: The article is devoted to definition content, disadvantages, advantages and features of P2P (person to person) lending under ordinary circumstances and in times of crisis. The main problem of P2P lending in the period of significant changes in environmental factors is a high risk of non-repayment of credit. Recommendations to reduce the risk of investors through the use of technology in neural models of individual credit risk assessment (scoring) an individual borrower. In actual credit history defined performance using qualitative and quantitative indicators to determine the level of solvency of borrowers individual. Interrelation researched the credit risk of the borrower-class individual, the interest rate (price) and maximum size P2P loan. Recommended consider the impact of environmental factors in the decision to grant consumer loans to individuals P2P.
Development of P2P Lending in Term of Crisis (preprint)
(Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Dnipro, Ukraine, 2021) Batmanghlich, Cameron A.; Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: The article is devoted to definition content, disadvantages, advantages and features of P2P (person to person) lending under ordinary circumstances and in times of crisis. The main problem of P2P lending in the period of significant changes in environmental factors is a high risk of non-repayment of credit. Recommendations to reduce the risk of investors through the use of technology in neural models of individual credit risk assessment (scoring) an individual borrower. In actual credit history defined performance using qualitative and quantitative indicators to determine the level of solvency of borrowers individual. Interrelation researched the credit risk of the borrower-class individual, the interest rate (price) and maximum size P2P loan. Recommended consider the impact of environmental factors in the decision to grant consumer loans to individuals P2P.
Directions for the Development of Domestic Tourism in Ukraine
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2014) Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: Purpose. Each country of the world pays great attention to the development of tourism in the country, since a significant part of revenues comprises the revenues from providing the tourist services. Ukraine faced the problem of a significant reduction in the volume of tourist flows, aging of capital fund, lack of investments for its renovation. Purpose of the article is to develop an optimal control mechanism of tourist flows, justifying the need for the development of inbound and domestic tourism. Methodology. A system analysis of the competitiveness problem of the tourism industry in the area of passenger rail transportations, theoretical principles of economics in the field of domestic tourism efficiency and management of tourist flows are the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. Findings. The authors developed an improved mechanism for managing tourist flows. It differs from the existing one by the expansion of services for tourists in the territory of Ukraine. The development analysis of inbound and domestic tourism, restoration narrow-gauge railways, as well as the creation of special tourist trains were proposed. As a result the following objectives should be achieved: 1) increase in the share of tourism and resorts in the structure of gross domestic product up to the level of developed countries; 2) the number of employees in tourism and resorts equal to the level of developed countries; 3) increase in total number of rooms in hotels and other certified accommodation facilities up to the level of developed countries; 4) creation of the effective system of monitoring the quality of tourist services; 5) creating an investment climate to attract the investments into development of the tourism, engineering, transport and communal infrastructure; 6) improvement of tourists safety, providing effective protection of their rights, legal interests and property. Originality. The author presented the theoretical generalization and new solution of the scientific problem. They lie in the development of theoretical and methodological approaches to justification of the organization of tourist rail transportations and activization of measures to realize the project to restore the effective functioning of the mountain railways with 750 mm width in the Carpathian region of Ukraine, with the possibility to incorporate them to the extensive international tourism network. Practical value. The rational measures according to the directions of tourism flows management proposed by the author will significantly increase the country revenues from tourism.
Directions of Anti-Crisis Management of Restaurant Business
(ДДУВС, Дніпро, 2021) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Pikulina, Olena V.; Basistha, Nandini
ENG: In this article, the authors emphasize that the pandemic and quarantine measures have brought the normal functioning of the world economy and the activities of many enterprises. The tourism business and the hotel and restaurant sector, which have recently developed greatly, have suffered from extensive losses and bankruptcies, a large number of restaurants and cafes have been closed, and many people have lost their jobs and their income. Even large chains of hotels and restaurants have suffered as well as other businesses. The hotel and restaurant business was the first one that has to adapt quickly to changes caused by the pandemic, to stablish work in new conditions and develop new directions and measures that will take the restaurant business out of the crisis. Given the current need to apply security rules, and the need to comply with quarantine measures, it is necessary to use computer and digital technologies that will help managers to attract new customers and earn extra income. The authors propose to use such tools of crisis management of the restaurant business as: technologicalization, online marketing and influencer – marketing, unique content. These activities are necessary in order to pay new attention to the dishes and services offered by cafes and restaurants. To restart this business in a modern way and with new tendencies, and to adapt to changes in the changing environment and to quarantine measures. To develop additional promotions and offer «economy», «standard» and «luxury» class menu. To organize the fast, high-quality delivery to cafes and restaurants in modern conditions, preferably free, it has become a great necessity and convenience in pandemic conditions; it will attract additional consumers to the restaurant business. In the modern market concept of restaurants in a pandemic, it is necessary considering not only the factors that existed for many years, but also new additional factors in the hotel business, without which it is now impossible to operate this business in a pandemic, it would be safe to provide services, awareness of the service In the modern market concept of restaurants in a pandemic, it is necessary considering not only the factors that existed for many years, but also new additional factors in the hotel business, without which it is now impossible to operate this business in a pandemic, it would be safe to provide services, awareness of the service or product, in the use of digital technology by an institution that wants to get more income and occupy a larger segment in this market of hotel and restaurant business. The authors insist that in modern conditions, it is essential to take into account the laws of competition; because now the consumer chooses a quality product or service at a better price, other goods or services do not attract consumers.
Directions of Effective use of Data and Analytics in Decision-Making on Staff Development
(Dnipro State University of Internal Affairs, 2024) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Makhin’o, Illia; Hrebeniuk, Halyna M.; Das, Biswajit
ENG: Modern companies are faced with a large amount of data about their employees, company processes and market conditions. Using this data to make decisions about personnel development can help companies effectively manage their personnel potential, predict training and development needs of employees, and plan strategic steps from the standpoint of personnel management. Research in this direction can also help identify optimal methods of attracting and retaining talented employees, which in turn will contribute to increasing the company’s competitiveness in the market. Incorporating data and analytics into staff development decision-making processes can lead to more informed and objective decisions. The use of key performance indicators (KPIs) and metrics can provide valuable information about employee performance, training needs, and promotion. Personalized Development Plans: Data and analytics enable HR professionals to create personalized development plans for employees based on their strengths, weaknesses and career aspirations. This personalized approach can increase employee engagement and retention. Optimizing recruitment processes and talent retention with the help of data analytics opens up new opportunities for increasing the competitiveness of organizations.
Directions of Extreme Tourism in Ukraine
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2016) Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: Purpose. In the world market of tourist services the extreme tourism is very popular, as it does not require the significant financial costs and enables year on year to increase the offers of holiday packages, associated with active travel. Ukraine has significant potential for the development of extreme kinds of rest, but it is not developed enough. Forms of extreme tourism are unknown for domestic tourists, and therefore, they formed a negative attitude. The aim of the article is the analysis of extreme resort potential of Ukraine and promotion of the development of extreme tourism destinations in the travel market. Theoretical and methodological basis of research is the system analysis of the problems of ensuring the competitiveness of the tourism industry, theoretical principles of economic science in the field of the effectiveness of extreme tourism and management of tourist flows. Methodology. The author offers the directions of tourist flows control, which differ from the current expansion of services to tourists in Ukraine. The development of extreme tourism with the help of co-operation of railways and sport federations was proposed. Findings. During the research the author proved that the implementation of the tasks will be promote: 1) increase in budget revenues at all levels of the inner extreme tourism; 2) raise the image of Ukraine and Ukrainian Railways; 3) increase the share of tourism and resorts in the gross domestic product to the level of developed countries; 4) bringing the number of employees in tourism and resorts to the level of developed countries; 5) the creation of an effective system of monitoring the quality of tourist services; 6) the creation of an attractive investment climate for attracting the investment in the broad development of tourism, engineering and transport and municipal infrastructure; 7) improvement the safety of tourists, ensure the effective protection of their rights and legitimate interests and preservation of the property. Originality. The author shows the theoretical generalization and new solution of a scientific problem. It manifests itself in the development of theoretical and methodological approaches to the development of extreme tourism. Practical value. Rational use of measures proposed by the author of directional control of tourist flows will significantly increase the country's revenues from domestic tourism.
Directions of Integration of Railway Transport of Ukraine into the European Railway Network
(Дніпропетровський державний університет внутрішніх справ, м. Дніпро, 2022) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Kovalenko-Marchenkova, Yevheniia; Furfaro, Ricardo Daniel
ENG: The authors emphasized that railway transport plays a major role in the life support of Ukraine, especially during the war (because passengers are transported by railway transport not only in the normal mode, but also by evacuation trains; not only scheduled cargo is transported, but also those reoriented from water transport due to the seizure of Ukrainian ports by the russian aggressors; enterprises are transported from the areas under fire to a safer place), so efforts must be made to ensure the smooth functioning of this type of transport both within the country and in interstate communication. In this context, it is highlighted that, in addition to significant technical barriers to crossing borders, Ukraine has non-compliance of the legislation in the field of railway transport with the legislation of the European Union. At the same time, it is noted that with the signing of the Association Agreement with the European Union, the issue of integration into the single European transport space has become acute for Ukraine. This involves the transition to common principles of the operation of the rail transport market, including the presence of independent: railway infrastructure operator, who will be responsible for its quality and capacity (i.e. the number of trains that will be able to move on the tracks); the regulator of railway transport, which will approve the tariff for access to the infrastructure, will ensure equal access to it for all operators of railway transport; the railway safety authority, which will determine the requirements for carriers, check their compliance and issue licenses for transportation. A necessary condition for adaptation to EU legislation on railway transport is the harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with the European one, elimination of differences in the legal framework regulation of railway transport. Harmonization regulatory and legal field of operation of railway transport to the European one, appropriate reforms are needed. The main European Directives and Regulations in the field of railway transport are outlined, according to which it is necessary to amend the Law of Ukraine “On Railway Transport”.
Economic and Mathematical Models of Development of the Railway Tourism
(NTI-UkrSURT, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 2019) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Bobyl, Volodymyr V.; Kakhovska, Olena
ENG: Abstract. The authors used a complex of mathematical models meant for the optimal investment of the processes of creation and use of the railway transport infrastructure. The specific features of these models are as follows: long-term period of realization of the infrastructure projects, many participants with special interests, which do not always coincide, a lot of factors of uncertainty connected with the choice of quantities of the calculation parameters, etc. The authors created economic-mathematical models of the discrete optimal planning of the railway tourism operations. This takes into account conditions of risks and cooperation, and allows to determine sets of effective routes which are most profitable ones, provided they meet the established demands. The latter includes routes which meet maximum criteria of the net costs under the conditions of the established system of demands for the activity of the tourism operators.
The Economic Guarantee of Logistic Connections Optimization at Railway Transport
(Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, 2019) Kopytko, Vasyl; Dziuba, Sergei; Mìshchenko, Maxym; Shargun, Tetyana
EN: Abstract. The efficiency increasing of railway transport functioning is a main factor in the economic growth of the national economy. Material reserves are the main factor that defines the strategy of the enterprise and influences on the economic optimization level of logistic connections in general. Waste on deficiency and expense of storing the taken out from the main turnover material reserves redouble the economic situation. In this research the sources of the arising an uncertainty by taking a decision about economic optimization of logistic connections and working out methods of need determination in conditions of a certain uncertainty that will be led to improvement of the economic effectiveness of activity are determined. The best methods that may be used for this purpose are analysis of temporary series, multiple regression and correlation analysis, pattern recognition. The paper presents the results of research that allow, based on the built neuro-fuzzy model, to evaluate the dependence of macroeconomic indicators of the national economy of Ukraine on the indicators characterizing its economic situation in order to improve the control efficiency of logistics systems. The built neuro-fuzzy model, unlike existing models, allows reproducing the complex nonlinear dependences.
Economic Prerequisites for Improving the Adaptation Capabilities of Transport Construction Enterprises for Perfectibility Their Productivity
(Odessa National Economic University, 2022) Bereza, Ivan V.; Bashmakov, Maksym S.; Chernova, Natalia S.
ENG: The article considers current directions for improving the economic condition of transport construction enterprises in the crisis phenomena conditions, both in the transport industry and in the country as a whole. The purpose of article is research and economic substantiation of the possibility of improving the economic condition of transport construction enterprises due to the improvement of their adaptation capabilities, better application of all productive potential to market demands of the transport industry. Research methodology involves the use of methods: empirical research (comparison, observation), theoretical research (ascending from the abstract to the concrete), general scientific methods (abstraction and concretization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy), etc. The relevance of solution to the scientific problem defined in the article is that in conditions of increased requirements for the quality parameters of maintenance and service of transport construction facilities, limited funds for transport construction enterprises, there are requirements for increasing productivity and efficiency of activity. The results of the study are as follows: indicators of monitoring the state of transport construction enterprises, which reflect the market potential of such enterprises, taking into account the requests of the transport industry, in the conditions of harmonization of the key directions of activity of the national economy main branches of Ukraine to the world economic formation, are determined. The originality and practical value of the research lies in the fact that the article systematizes the key performance indicators of transport construction enterprises, which affect their productivity and efficiency. The conclusions of the study are as follows: it is shown that the stabilization of fixed assets technical condition of JSC “Ukrainian Railways” through the reproduction of railway infrastructure will provide an opportunity to ensure the strategic development and effective functioning of railway transport, to ensure the necessary level of throughput and carrying capacity, safety of train traffic, which will ultimately increase competitiveness railway transport and the state’s defense capability.
Economy, Public Administration and Legal Relations under the Permanent Armed Conflicts: Paradoxes and Regularities of Development
(ТОВ Інститут суспільної трансформації, Київ, 2020) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Cherniak, Nataliia; Tishchenkova, Svitlana; Botvinov, Rostislav
ENG: The paper incorporates a recurrently resonating question: «How does a long-standing armed conflict influence the economy of the warring countries in the contemporary polycentric world where foreign-policy activity of the new «centres of power» acquires somewhat chaotic, unpredictable pattern?» Modern warfare resembles a multi-act theatrical performance with an extremely intricate script and its main actors not present in the scene but rather staying behind the curtains. Regrettably, the human casualties in these confrontations are real. They are a tribute paid to the two aspirations inherent in the humankind - for enrichment and for power. It may look as a paradox but the economy, similar to the nature, demonstrates the capacity for survival in the extreme conditions. In our case, in the conditions of permanent wars being waged for over half a century. On the example of the Israeli-Palestinian and the Indo-Pakistani conflicts, it has been proven that a long-standing inter-state conflict may become a «catalyst» for growth of economic potential or in the least ensure the stability of the development of the state. Despite the fact that both warring «dyads» consist of the players from different «weight categories» (the countries vary considerably by the population size, economic capacity and government spending), we have revealed a multitude of inherent common trends in the development of economy, system of public administration and social relations in general. We conclude that a prolonged state of «turbulence» persisting in the Middle East and South Asia, with every capacity of the economies of the countries for stabilization and development even in the conditions of war, presents a threat to the entire world. Maintaining the stability of systems with the help of destructive measures is the strategy similar to «using the time bomb with undefined impact time and zone».
Efficiency of Modernization of Wheel-Motor Blocks using Anti-Friction Traction Motor Support Bearings
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту ім. акад. В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2018) Kapitsa, Mykhaylo I.; Gnennyi, O. M.; Bobyr, Dmytro V.
ENG: Purpose. The use of anti-friction traction motor support bearings (TMSB) instead of plain friction traction motor support bearings is a priority direction of locomotive development both for newly constructed locomotives and for those in operation. The solution of the set tasks for introduction of wheel-motor blocks (WMB) with anti-friction bearings demanded the search for alternative variants and new technical solutions. The purpose of the article is to determine the feasibility of re-equipping the diesel locomotive wheel-motor blocks with anti-friction bearings through the life cycle calculation (LCC). Methodology. The procedure and criteria for assessing the economic efficiency of project (investment) proposals and investment projects approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine envisage that the cost-effectiveness analysis of an investment project is carried out according to the following criteria: net present value, internal rate of return, discounted payback period and profitability index. The use of these criteria of economic efficiency fully corresponds to modern principles, theoretical-methodical approaches and world practice in evaluating the efficiency of investments. The evaluation of the technical and economic efficiency of the modernization of the diesel locomotive wheel-motor block is made on the basis of calculation and comparison of the following criteria: the net present value (NPV) of modernization, the internal rate of return (IRR), the profitability index (PI) and the discount payback period. Findings. The results of the calculations of the values of the main criteria show that the innovative project for the modernization of the locomotive provides a high level of economic efficiency. At the same time, the value of the discounted payback period of investments in modernization indicates that it is expedient to carry out this operation if the residual life of the upgraded locomotive of the M62 series is at least 15 months. Originality. Taking into account the specifics of the type of locomotive work in freight traffic, we developed a method to determine the individual components of the average annual economic effect of modernization of the diesel locomotive wheel-motor block, which includes saving of oil costs, repairing and servicing the diesel locomotive wheel-motor unit, as well as change of TMSB brass and saving fuel costs for traction. Practical value. The results of the work make it possible to determine the expediency of modernization of diesel locomotives taking into account the features and conditions of their operation and the specifics of modernization.
Features of Structural Transformation of Railway Transport Based on the Principles of Marketing Management
(North University Centre of Baia Mare, Romania, 2022) Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Zadoya, Vyacheslav O.
ENG: It is established that despite the critical importance of railway transport for the national economy and society, in recent years the railway company has been in a state of deep crisis. It is revealed that the gradual aging and extremely unsatisfactory technical condition of the railway infrastructure and rolling stock level the ability of the railway company to carry out high-quality and safe railway transportation, lead to a gradual loss of customers and the share of railway transport in the market of transport and logistics services, destabilizing the company’s work and reducing the opportunities for its financial and economic recovery and innovative and technical revival. It is proved that in order to ensure innovative growth and competitiveness of railway transport in the market of transport and logistics services, it is necessary to activate the processes of its structural transformation by applying modern effective tools for implementing innovative changes at the enterprise. The processes of reforming the railway industry are investigated and the planned reformation changes and deadlines for their implementation do not correspond to the actual pace of implementation of structural transformations in railway transport. The expediency of structural transformation of railway transport based on the principles of marketing management as a proactive enterprise management style is proved, which ensures the formation and expansion of dynamic competitive advantages, taking into account internal and external changes in the operating environment by managing communications with potential market participants to create a competitive advantage, in particular personnel, partners and consumers. The key aspects of the structural transformation of railway transport based on the principles of marketing management are revealed. It is indicated that the formation of a marketing management system for railway transport should be carried out in several stages: the first stage is to analyze, evaluate and monitor the marketing environment; the second stage is to develop a marketing management system; the third stage is to ensure monitoring and adjustment of the marketing management system.
Formation of the Anti-Crisis Concept of Increasing the Strategic Stability of Ukrzaliznytsia
(Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Dnipro, 2021) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Dyomin, Yehor; Galushko, Olena
ENG: The author revealed the essence of existing models of reform in railway transport. The Ukrzaliznytsia Anti-Crisis Change Management Program has been developed. New elements of corporate culture of Ukrzaliznytsia are singled out. Measures are offered for formation of favorable conditions for conducting economic activity of railways, creation of favorable information background of railway transport, activization of investment and innovation process. There are certain rules for financial risk management, namely: There are a number of certain rules that must be followed if the organization wants to strengthen the effectiveness of financial risk management: 1) Responsibility of senior management; 2) Existence of a common policy line and risk management infrastructure, different management chains, must be reliable and efficient; 3) Integration of risk management; 4) Responsibility of responsibility centers; 5) Assessment and ranking of the level of risk; 6) Independent expertise; 7) Contingency planning. The essence of the methods of Ukrzaliznytsia's corruption program is revealed. It is emphasized that an important element of any corporate culture are such concepts as: motivation, dedication of company employees. For Ukrzaliznytsia, it is especially important not only to educate its own staff, but also to form from the existing base of employees loyal to it and loyal members of the company who feel their involvement in its activities and its development. The directions of formation of a positive image in the eyes of the general consumer are offered. The directions of creation in national companies in various branches (not only for transport enterprises) of steady stimuli to search of new niches and aspiration to an exit on leading positions both in the domestic, and in the world market are outlined. The characteristic of methods of management of anti-crisis changes is given.
Government Strategy for Enhancing the Infrastructure of International Freight Railway Corridors: Economic and Strategic Considerations
(Learning Gate, Brooklyn, NY, USA, 2025) Tymoshchuk, Yaroslav; Hrebeniuk, Halyna M.; Selishchev, Sergii; Suray, Inna; Zadoia, Viacheslav O.
ENG: The article examines the state strategy for developing the infrastructure of international freight railway corridors in the European and Asia-Pacific regions from 2022 to 2023. It considers the impact of public investment on the formation of infrastructure projects through macroeconomic analysis. It describes programs that help optimize freight transport and stimulate trade development between continents. Public investment in the infrastructure of railway corridors in the EU has increased by 12% over the past five years, indicating a strategic interest in their further development. The article highlights the essence of international partnership and trade cooperation based on foreign investment to modernize railway networks. Special attention is paid to the strategic infrastructure goals for logistics corridors and transport hubs. The role of railway corridors passing through China and the European Union territory is identified. The competition between regions for leadership in transit hubs, economic influence, and control of transport corridors is investigated. At the micro level, trends in the formation of modal transport and the construction of heavy railway infrastructure are analyzed. The efficiency of the G7 countries in increasing the capacity of freight networks is studied. The problems of the states with regulatory protectionism measures have been identified. The article provides a comparative analysis of the leading companies in global freight corridors that are of strategic importance for the functioning of the economy.
Higher Education in the Post-Pandemic World: Prospects for Revival and Risks for Oblivion
(Institute of Society Transformation (Kyiv, Ukraine & Rzeszow, Poland), 2021) Tishchenkova, Svitlana; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Cherniak, Nataliia; Hruzdiev, Oleksii
ENG: Contemporary educational discourse is marked by versatility and inconsistency of viewpoints on the post-pandemic future of the higher school. The most widespread are the two approaches to the comprehension of the prospects of its development tentatively outlined in the presented article as radically pessimistic and unjustifiably optimistic. The proponents of the first approach speak of the «demise» of the neoclassical model of university and emergence of the new digital format of lifelong learning based upon mastering the utilitarian knowledge by means of local educational courses; the proponents of the second approach are confident in the utility of the «natural selection» among the universities and further existence of the institution of higher education as a small number of technologically well-equipped and innovation-oriented educational establishments. «Veritas in medio est», - state those who criticize both approaches, implying a post-digital hybrid model of the higher school which would preserve a culture-generating Concept of the university and simultaneously would have fundamentally new institutional characteristics and funding schemes. Fragmentation of society and culture, revolutionary changes in the methods of production and information transfer, acquisition by social networks of a leading role in the formation of the social consciousness - all this combined with the diktat of the developed consumer society and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which proved to be destructive to the world economy, demands a new educational paradigm free of illusions and unreasonable expectations. Whether the institution of the higher education would become an archaism and would depart into oblivion or it will be reborn in a variety of novel forms, including the hybrid ones, of a university «without walls» and time restrictions? The search for an answer to this question has become determinative for the authors of the presented research.
Hubs as a Key Tool for Improving the Quality of the Service and Development of Multimodal Passenger Traffic
(The Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, Katowice, Poland, 2022) Pshinko, Oleksandr M.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Orlovska, Olexandra V.
ENG: This article stresses the need to develop multimodal passenger transport. Particular attention is paid to the construction of HUBs based on railway stations. HUB is the transport interchange node, passenger complex, which redistributes passenger flows between transport modes and directions. They allow to optimize transportation processes, as well as to create an infrastructure for convenient and fast passenger transfer between different transport modes. The preconditions for creating organizational conditions to ensure the sustainable development of the passenger railway transport sector are outlined. In the near future, combined passenger transport with the participation of several modes of transport will attract tourists from around the world. The authors’ concept of the term “passenger comfort zone” is proposed, which takes into account all the needs of modern tourists. The mechanism of multimodal transportations of passengers by railway transport in interaction with other participants of the servicing process is presented. A model of institutional support for the development of multimodal passenger railway transport is proposed to create conditions for integrated transport services for passengers by the passenger railway transport complex. The expediency of forming a system of railway passenger HUBs in Ukraine is vital to attracting investments to improve transport and tourism infrastructure, as well as to roll stock and a range of services for the benefit of all stakeholders in the transport sector (e.g., the state, investors, and passengers).
Human Destructiveness in the Existing Practices of Late Modernism VIolence: Positive and Negative Dimensions
(Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпро, 2020) Marchenko, O. V.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: Purpose. Research of the phenomenon of human destructiveness in the context of metaphysical images and violence practices of late Modernism. Theoretical basis. The problem is that the philosophical reflection of violence as objectified, realized destructiveness of man is usually contextual in nature and is on the periphery of understanding its external manifestations. Accordingly, anthropological crisis remains behind the scenes, as evidenced by the devaluation of the humanistic potential of modern culture. That is why one should turn the focus from the obvious, objectively conditioned incarnations of violence in the XXI century (armed conflicts, local wars, terrorist acts) to the internal factors that are in the realm of existential. The departure from the consideration of violence as an abstract, faceless or ideologically colored evil allowed us to focus on man, his way of thinking, life and social orientations, feelings and internal contradictions, which find their expression in one or another form of destructiveness. Originality. Based on the works of M. Scheler and E. Fromm defining for philosophical anthropology and psychoanalysis, for the first time the conceptualization of positive and negative forms of manifestation of human destructiveness against the background of sociocultural transformations of late Modernism was carried out. It has been proved that its ontological principles are rooted in specifically human existence and relations with other members of society, while anthropological ones are directly connected with the endless struggle of the life, the vital with the spirit in man. Conclusions. Violence is a tool and a product of man’s transition to more mature and complex forms of existence. The interdependence of the violence and nonviolence practices ensures the progressive movement of humanity towards society humanization. This progress is accompanied by a natural internal conflict of personality, which can be both progressive and regressive. At the metaphysical level, destructiveness appears as a connection between the entropy of world existence as a whole and the instability of human existence itself, which is a complexly organized and open to the world system. Self-transcendence as an anthropological prerequisite for human destructiveness has a dual nature and combines negative and positive characteristics, the content and significance of which were revealed in the study. The authors are convinced that there is no other way to overcome the negative, malignant destructiveness, except for the incessant, daily gathering of life meanings around them and their development. After all, the loss of such core structures of the existence as the meaning, purpose and value of life has become a truly global problem for the modern world. Emphasis is placed on the need to keep in harmony the trinity of bodysoul-spirit, which will allow a person in any social transformation to preserve and increase his integrity.
Impact of Railway Infrastructure on Sustainable Development of Regions
(Published by EDP Sciences, 2024) Galushko, Olena; Kovalenko-Marchenkova, Yevheniia; Chernova, Nataliia S.; Kasadzhyk, Andrii; Gechbaia, Badri
ENG: The study of the impact of railway infrastructure development on the sustainable development of regions is relevant for many reasons and requires additional attention. Firstly, the railway infrastructure is a crucial element of the transport system, providing communication between different regions and contributing to economic development. Secondly, the development of the railway infrastructure can improve the accessibility of the regions, which can lead to an increase in the tourist flow and trade volumes. Thirdly, the development of railway infrastructure can contribute to reducing environmental pollution, as it is a more environmentally friendly form of transport than automobile or aviation. The scientific novelty lies in using PESTE analysis to study the impact of railway infrastructure on the sustainable development of regions and in the combination of PESTE-factors with identifying opportunities and threats to regional development for each factor. General scientific and unique methods are used: analysis, synthesis, tabular-graphic, theoretical generalization and abstract-logical. Carried-out research on the railway’s infrastructure impact on the sustainable development of regions helps to determine the most effective strategies for transport system development, environmental management and regional economy.
Improved Classification of Passenger Trains in Ukraine
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2014) Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: Purpose. To develop the new classification of passenger trains in Ukraine taking into account the working period, the territory of service, the maximum distance of movement, average journey speed, time of a trip, a type of a rolling stock and sources of financing. Method. It is proposed to divide the passenger trains on day train, night train and all day train, then to determine the optimal areas for the movement of trains with cost minimization of their operation. Results. The passenger trains are divided into urban, suburban, regional, interregional and long-distance. In turn, each train is divided into slow and fast, on-site service: on the suburban, within the region, within 2-3 regions and long-distance. Academic novelty. The classification of passenger trains in Ukraine is improved which considers the additional features of economic factors of movement, working period, service territory, maximum range of passengers transportation, average speed, and trip time, type of a rolling stock and transportations sources of financing. Practical importance. The accounting of the specified factors increases validity of administrative decisions that will allow providing efficiency of functioning of passenger trains and their competitiveness in the market of transport services.
Improvement of the Tourism Industry Management Due to Introduction of New Trends and Types of Tourism
(Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Dnipro, 2022) Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Pikulina, Olena V.; Zadoja, Vyacheslav O.; Tsviliy, Sergiy
ENG: Today’s extremely difficult conditions dictate their own behavior and the survival of business in any field. The situation in tourism business has become the most difficult. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new alternatives to existenc e and development. Quite a lot of studies, both foreign and domestic, are devoted to the analysis of the needs of a modern tourist and the search for new trends in the tourism industry to meet them. However, they do not cover all external factors that may affect the specifics and development of tourism, in particular those related to military actions, which take place in Ukraine. The authors in their study emphasize the essential need for digital transformations and the development of digital culture. Since digitalization is the fastest way to detect, respond to and adapt to internal and external changes. The authors propose the stages of tourism industry development, which show the changing preferences of tourists over the past 20 years, provide existing ma jor types of tourism, the current global trends are considered in detail, which appeared due to growing individual consumer needs and the COVID-19 pandemic. There is also a list of future types of transformation of tourists, the emergence of which is desig ned for the period up to 2030. These types take into account almost all the preferences, needs and goals of consumers of tourist services. The authors also proposed a new type of tourism, based on military actions in Ukraine and their consequences, which may become a future trend of the tourism industry. The emergence of new destinations and the use of global trends is another additional opportunity to attract new consumers to the tourism business and earn extra income through the introduction of new types, new tours, visiting special places and a whole range of the best quality services.
Integrated Approach to Marketing Strategies in the Startup Industry
(Дніпровський державний аграрно-економічний університет, м. Дніпро, ТОВ "ДКС Центр", 2024) Zadoia, Viacheslav O.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: The study analyses and evaluates marketing strategies that can be used by startPup companies to ensure rapid growth, attract customers and create a brand identity. The following methods were used to achieve the goal and solve these problems: statistical analysis: to process and interpret data related to marketing strategies and their impact on the success of startups; theoretical analysis: consideration of existing knowledge, theories, and models in the field of startup marketing and analysis of scientific papers, articles, and other publications, which allows to summarise existing approaches and concepts; economic and mathematical modelling: to evaluate different marketing strategies and determine their potential effectiveness. The developed multiPcriteria optimisation model helps to choose the optimal strategy, taking into account various determinants such as budget, time, resources, profit, risks, etc. This model allows to systematise the decisionPmaking process and more objectively evaluate and compare different alternatives, maximise overall efficiency by choosing among alternative strategies those that best meet the conditions and goals of the company. Scientific novelty: an integrated approach to marketing strategies for startPup companies is proposed, taking into account modern digital trends. A multiPcriteria model for optimising marketing strategies using economic and mathematical modelling has been developed, which opens up new opportunities for effective strategy selection in the context of limited resources and high uncertainty inherent in this business model. Practical significance. The implementation of an integrated approach allows providing recommendations for the development and implementation of effective marketing strategies for startPup companies, venture capital funds and accelerators. Particular emphasis is placed on the use of analytical methods, such as economic and mathematical modelling, to optimise marketing decisions. The use of this approach provides practical tools for identifying target markets, efficient allocation of resources and minimising risks.
Interpretive Subjectivity and Gender Relativism in the Theories of Postmodernism
(Національний педагогічний університет ім. М. П. Драгоманова, м. Київ, 2019) Vlasova, Tatyana I.; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: Interpretation as a stream of our consciousness is determined by dierent contexts and various narratives which stimulate this process reacting to the changeability of the world and human beings in it. The postmodern theory while losing its topicality keeps the key principle of interpretationrm and stable. Interpretation is simultaneously open and fixed, though the process of constructing narratives is not. As interpretation provides vast space for gender, the feminist theory proceeds with the «new feminist reading», and the aim of the feminist criticism lies in revealing misogynism and masculine approaches to dierent discourses and narratives. Still in postmodernism feminist interpretation often rejects «comprehension» in its classical meaning denying analogy, symmetry and equivalence. The subjectivity of feminist interpretation is not a transparent line between the human being and the surrounding world: the «better» is interpretation, the more «objective» seem our narratives, the stronger appear constructs stipulated by culture, gender, ideology.
Legal Aspects of the Space Industry Development in Ukraine and Space Tourism in Particular
(Дніпропетровський державний університет внутрішніх справ, Дніпро, 2020) Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: The author has provided the chronology of international space law and analyzed the main aspects of the main document of international space law – «Treaty on the principles of activities of states in the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes». She has analyzed the Ukrainian legislation on the development of the space industry. Due to the chronic underfunding of aerospace enterprises by the Ukrainian government, the industry is in a state of disrepair. At the same time, Ukraine possesses the scientific, engineering and production facilities for the development of the space industry, and therefore has all the prerequisites for bringing this industry out of the crisis. The author has identified problems of the aerospace industry in Ukraine. She has proposed effective measures to take the space industry out of the crisis, Among them: transformation of space enterprises into joint-stock companies, coordination of management functions between central executive authorities. A special attention has been paid to space tourism. The historical aspect of the development of space tourism is provided. The main advantages and disadvantages of space tourism are revealed. The author has proposed to create an orbital service company within the framework of a public-private partnership.
Marginalization of Man in Technical Civilization
(Ukrainian State University of Science and Technologies, Dnipro, Ukraine, 2025) Yao, X.; Radkevich, Tetiana O.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.
ENG: Purpose. This article aims to study ways of reconsidering the naive and optimistic view of technology in contemporary philosophical literature. Theoretical basis. The research draws on the concepts of phenomenology and philosophical anthropology. Originality. The focus of critical reflection is on negative trends in technological development that pose a threat to humanity’s survival. In this context, the in-depth study of philosophical questions about what technology is and what it means to be human becomes particularly relevant. Naive interpretations often suggest that technology plays a central role in shaping human identity. For instance, Marxism embodies this idea, viewing the level of technological development (tools and means of production) as both a primary factor in historical human formation and a measure of social progress. Naivety also manifests in the belief that radical global change is justified. However, as modern scholars of the history of philosophy and philosophy of technology convincingly argue, these views are superficial and rely on partial readings of classical texts. Today, the recognition of non-technical factors – such as language, rituals, and play – in human development is widely accepted and productive. A deeper understanding of current technological interpretations opens new perspectives for exploring humans’ role in culture and exploring human responsibility. Conclusions. In modern times, the most urgent issue is how people’s relationship with technology is evolving. This is reflected in growing uncertainty and fear. Modern researchers warn that the naive reception of technology as a tool results in disconnecting technology from culture, philosophy, and ethics. The emancipation of technical rationality from value-based one, breaking the link between philosophy and science, truth and goodness, is particularly troubling. Consequently, there is an urgent need to find ways to humanize technology, beginning with a fundamental rethink of the technomorphic view that defines humans as tool makers. The marginalization of humans stems from the dominance of ideas portraying technology as an external tool. Recognizing the importance of language, rituals, and play in human development is both profound and justified. The notion that technology is a means to realize human essence – that is, working on oneself (psyche) – remains compelling. Moving beyond naive views of technology and developing sound philosophical frameworks is a crucial step towards understanding human nature and discovering one’s purpose in the universe. A detailed exploration of this concept will be the subject of the next publication.
Methodical Approach to Defining Infrastructure Component of the Costs for the Particular Passenger Train Traffic
(Дніпропетровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, Дніпропетровськ, 2015) Barash, Yuriy S.; Kravchenko, Khrystyna V.; Zianchuk, М. F.
EN: Purpose. In the scientific paper a methodical approach concerning determining the infrastructure component of the costs for traffic of the particular passenger train should be developed. It takes into account the individual characteristics of the particular train traffic. Methodology. To achieve the research purposes was used a method which is based on apportionment of expenses for the traffic of a particular passenger train taking into account the factors affecting the magnitude of costs. This methodology allows allocating properly infrastructure costs for a particular train and, consequently, to determine the accurate profitability of each train. Findings. All expenditures relating to passenger traffic of a long distance were allocated from first cost of passenger and freight traffic. These costs are divided into four components. Three groups of expenses were allocated in infrastructure component, which are calculated according to the certain principle taking into account the individual characteristics of the particular train traffic. Originality. The allocation method of all passenger transportation costs of all Ukrzaliznytsia departments for a particular passenger train was improved. It is based on principles of general indicators formation of each department costs, which correspond to the main influential factors of operating trains. The methodical approach to determining the cost of infrastructure component is improved, which takes into account the effect of the speed and weight of a passenger train on the wear of the railway track superstructure and contact network. All this allows allocating to reasonably the costs of particular passenger train traffic and to determine its profitability. Practical value. Implementing these methods allows calculating the real, economically justified costs of a particular train that will correctly determine the profitability of a particular passenger train and on this basis it allows to make management decisions on amendments to the existing schedule. Also, the cost of using the infrastructure for a particular train and its profitability can be determined with the help of PC due to this method.
Methodology Versus Theory: Historical Approaches and the Problematic Field of the Humanities in Postmodernism
(Aesthetix Media Services (OPC) Private Limited, India, 2021) Vlasova, Tatiana; Vlasova, Olha; Martseniuk, Larysa V.
ENG: Among diverse methodological approaches that are currently represented in the postmodern studies, the one, which dominates nowadays, is the statement that there cannot be any methodology in postmodernism per se otherwise it would be a “relapse” into constructing one more “universalizing method”. Evidently, this assertion is stipulated by the highly pluralized context of the postmodern “normalization of change”, the transformations of the socio-cultural order in accordance with the postparadigmatic shift of the theory. Postmodern researchers both implicitly and explicitly state that the only way to “manage” the increasing pluralism and diversity is unmasking prior modernist ideas and ideals in the individual and general meanings of the human experience. On the other hand, the postmodern methodological “openness” encourages academic ambivalence, which results in the denial of the universal notions and absolute moral values. With the apparent postmodernist accent on the interdisciplinary approaches the “scientific conditions” have become even more complicated: nowadays philosophy, history, theology, gender studies, arts are being connected with biology, genetics, cybernetics, economics, etc. As one of the main components of the postmodern intertextual analysis the historical method is vividly represented both in the western feminist theory and in the eastern post- colonial criticism, poetics of fiction and cultural studies. All mentioned above, appearing in the pluralized modes, occasion the turn into considering interdisciplinary techniques more scrupulously. The objective of this research is to reconstruct conceptually the comparative-historical methodology in the theoretical field of the postmodern humanities with the focus on the specific character of the interpretation of history in the cultural texts. The main thesis of the research reflects the reconstruction of the historical methods as an important systematic and meaning-conscious component in the postmodern theoretical studies. The research proves that nowadays historical approaches are significant and valid because they locate certain techniques into the contemporary scholarly work in order to properly utilize sources and evidences in writing “history”. The value of the comparative-historical method is also based on the fact that it proposes some models and patterns in dealing with the analysis of the particular theory in the interdisciplinary studies. The historical narrative with its objective to tell the “truth” cannot be reflected according to some simple schemes, without taking into account the “hard core” role of the context in the hermeneutic reading of history. Though there is a view that historiography is located “between” modernity and postmodernity, the articulated point of view is that postmodernism, being a theoretical cluster of historical disruption and “brokenness”, in fact, cannot reject the tradition of historicism in the humanitarian studies.
Military Tourism as a Strategic Direction of Internal Tourism in Ukraine
(Dnipro State University of Internal Affairs, Dnipro, 2023) Martseniuk, Larysa V.; Charkina, Tetiana Yu.; Chernova, Nataliia S.; Batmanghlich, Cameron A.
ENG: The article proves that the promising development of domestic tourism in Ukraine is military tourism. Military tourism has several directions, depending on which the consumers of tourist services are segmented. It was emphasized that there are enough locations in Ukraine that can become "places of memory", because since 2014, russia has caused a lot of destruction and committed hundreds of other crimes on the territory of Ukraine. Military tourism services related to warfare historical events are based on visiting former battle sites and places of military historical significance. For example, in Ukraine, these are, firstly, the territories of active military operations – from Kharkiv to Mykolayiv, including the entire Donbas region, places of military glory of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and secondly, historical places associated with the Second World War. This direction focuses on the acquisition of passive experience and has a clearly expressed educational goal. Potential target groups are veterans who took part in the battles that took place in certain places and their families, as well as tourists interested in history. An additional, but no less interesting direction of military tourism, which includes both directions, is the recreation of historical military events with the use of military equipment – guns, tanks, airplanes, etc. This variety also assumes a target group that suffers from mental rather than physical stress in the everyday work environment, which negatively affects their wants and needs. In general, the target market for military tourism consists of different sectors. Deep segmentation requires a detailed consideration of these submarkets, their requirements and characteristics. It is clear that the target market segment for a fighter jet flight and the target market segment for a military history tour differ in behavioral, psychological and profile inputs. The main thing to understand is that the events currently taking place in Ukraine attract additional world attention to it, which must be used to support the tourism industry and the development of the tourism business as a whole. And military tourism is an extremely important part of cultural tourism that should be taken into account when developing a national tourism strategy. Advantages and disadvantages of military tourism are highlighted. The functions of military tourism are outlined, the main ones being: historical, educational, martyrological, political, ideological, cultural, entertainment, recreational, sports and adventure. It is noted that there is still no legislative basis for the organization of this type of tourism in Ukraine, but all the prerequisites for its development are there (both locations and demand), because in recent years Ukraine has been under the increased attention of foreigners, and therefore, there is confidence that the majority of them will have the desire to visit Ukraine in the post-war period.
Model and Information Technologies for Adaptive Management of Organizations According to the Criteria of Efficiency and Timeliness
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021) Molokanova, Valentina M.; Hordieieva, Inna O.
ENG: Purpose is improving the adaptive management model of organizations on the criteria of efficiency and timeliness in order to reduce the destructive harmful effects of the VUCA-environment, ensure adaptation to the effects of COVID-19, Industry 4.0, and the transition to a circular economy. To solve the tasks following methods were applied: the method of analysis and synthesis, the system approach, the theory of solving inventive problems, methods of decision making, the method of structural analysis and systems design, grouping, generalization. A matrix of six quadrants was developed, each of which was obtained at the intersection of the criteria "efficiency - inefficiency" of management decisions, and the implementation timeliness of these decisions in states of delay, timely, and ahead (premature). The characteristics of each quadrant are determined: the adaptation of the organization to the destructive factors of the environment, the area of control of the system (viability, destruction, non-viability), the effectiveness of strategy implementation through project activities, and competitiveness. The developed approaches can be used to improve the procedure for evaluating the effectiveness of project activities of any sector of the economy for operational management and adaptation to the destructive factors of the environment. The article may be of interest to project managers and senior managers.